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1、核心素养测评二十五Module1BritishandAmericanEnglishⅠ.阅读理解A(2020·阜阳模拟)Darwinnotedthatsomehumanemotionalexpressionsmighthavestartedaspartofaphysiologicalfunction:forexample,exposingtheteethtobitefood.Thefunction,however,tookonmeaningandbecameaformofcommunicationwhichsi
2、gnalsanger.Thesamemaybetruefortheanimals.Babymonkeyscryforattention.Theyalsocrytosignaltoanadultthattheywanttobecarried.“Chimpanzeesdomakeupsetvoicewhentheyarebeingweaned(断奶)bytheirmothersorhavelosttheirmothersoranotherindividual,”saysAnnePusey,aprofessorat
3、theUniversityofMinnesota.“Theywhimper(呜咽)andcryandscream.Whenwehearthesecalls,theemotioninvolvedseemsobvious.However,theydonotweepinthesenseofproducingtears.Ihaveseenanadolescentmalewhimperingwhenhelostsightofhisolderbrotherwithwhomhehadbeentraveling.”Babie
4、sofmanymammalianspecies,includingrats,cry.Moreover,whenababyratcries,oftenhismotherbringsthefallenpupbackintothenest.Thisisprobablyastraightforwardcommunication,asitiswithhumans.However,psychologistsattheUniversityofIowaaren’tconvinced.TheIowanresearchersca
5、ncausethesamecryingsoundsbyproducinglargedecreasesandthenincreasesinbloodflow.Thebloodflowalsogoesdownwhenbabyratsgetcold.Thus,theyconcludebabyratscryinthesamewaythatwesneeze.Ofcoursetheratbabycouldbecryingbecausehe’scoldandwantshismothertoknow.“Allyoungmam
6、malsmakecrieswhenseparatedfromtheirmother,”saysJaakPanksepp,apsychologistatBowlingGreenStateUniversity.“Ifyou’rewillingtocallthiscrying,thencertainlyotheranimalsshowthisemotionalresponse.9”hesays,“Someofustakeseriouslythatanimalsdohaveemotions.”【文章大意】达尔文说过,
7、最初人类的身体反应可能成为情绪表达的方式。动物也是如此。本文列举了一些动物的“哭”的行为表达了它们的情绪。1.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatkindofemotiondoes“exposingtheteeth”express?A.Disappointment. B.Excitement.C.Anger.D.Happiness.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段“一开始这一行为是吃的功能,到后来有了它的含义,表达的是愤怒的交流方式”,故选C项。2.Whichisonep
8、robablereasonwhyyoungchimpanzeesmightbecrying?A.Theymeettheirbrother.B.Theyhavenothingtoeat.C.Theyarebeingbreast-fed.D.Theyarepartedfromtheirmothers.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段中的第一句Chimpanzeesdomakeupsetvoicewh
