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1、Unit5CultureandVerbalCommunicationSomeIdeasRelatedtoverbalcommunicationandculture1.DifferentorientationstocommunicationpatternsEastAsianorientation1.processorientation—communicationisperceivedasaprocessofinfiniteinterpretation2.differentiatedlinguisticcodes—differentlinguisticscodesareused
2、dependinguponpersonsinvolvedandsituations3.indirectcommunicationemphasis—theuseofindirectcommunicationisprevalentandacceptedasnormative4.receivercentered—meaningisintheinterpretation,Emphasisisonlistening,sensitivity,andremovalofpreconception.NorthAmericanorientation1.communicationispercei
3、vedasthetransferenceofmessages2.Lessdifferentiatedlinguisticcodes—linguisticcodesarenotasextensivelydifferentiatedasEastAsia3.Directcommunicationemphasis—directcommunicationisnormdespitetheextensiveuseofindirectcommunication4.sendercentered—meaningisinthemessagecreatedbythesender.Emphasisi
4、sonhowtoformulatethebestmessage,howtoimprovesourcecredibilityanddeliveryskills2.DirectandIndirectVerbalInteractionStylesThetoneofvoice,thespeaker’sintention,andtheverbalcontentreflectourwayofspeaking,ourverbalstyle,whichinturnreflectsourculturalandpersonalvaluesandsentiments.Verbalstylefra
5、mes“how”amessageshouldbeinterpreted.Thedirect-indirectverbalinteractiondimensioncanbethoughtofasstraddlingacontinuum.Individualsinallculturesusethegradationsofalltheseverbalstyles,dependingonroleidentities,interactiongoals,andsituations.However,inindividualisticcultures,peopletendtoencount
6、ermoresituationsthatemphasizethepreferentialuseofdirecttalk,person-orientedverbalinteraction,verbalself-enhancement,andtalkativeness.Incontrast,incollectivisticcultures,peopletendtoencountermoresituationsthatemphasizethepreferentialuseofindirecttalk,status-orientedverbalinteraction,verbals
7、elf-effacement,andsilence.Thedirectandindirectstylesdifferintheextenttowhichcommunicatorsrevealtheirintentionsthroughtheirtoneofvoiceandthestraightforwardnessoftheircontentmessage.Inthedirectverbalstyle,statementsclearlyrevealthespeaker’sintentionsandareenunci
