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1、铁路客运站选址模型研究摘要:选址是铁路客运站设计时必须考虑的问题,合理选址可以降低铁路部门运营成本、带动所在城市经济社会发展和方便旅客出行。选址受定性和定量因素约束,首先给出约束分类流程图将影响因素分为第Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类约束,在备选地点产生流程图基础上根据定量因素构建客运站选址0-1规划模型。由于备选地点个数较少,模型较易求解。为说明模型使用过程,根据铁路实际设计算例,第Ⅰ类约束为选址地点是否与城市规划协调良好,是否与铁路枢纽内其它车站协调良好,是否与城市公共交通协调良好,是否对城市发展有带动作用,是否对城市环境产生影响,是否与其它运输方式(民航、公
2、路、水路等)有良好衔接;第Ⅱ类约束为选址地点的地形地貌是否满足客运站近远期规模,是否和军事设施冲突,是否做到文物保护;第Ⅲ类约束为客运站建设成本、铁路枢纽运营成本与旅客出行成本;根据已知条件应用模型进行求解,并对算例结果进行讨论。关键词:铁路客运站;选址模型;0-1规划;铁路枢纽中图分类号:U291.6文献标志码:AResearchonMathematicalModelforSolutionoftheRailwayPassengerStationsLocationProblemAbstract:Locationshouldbeconsidered
3、inthedesignofrailwaypassengerstation.Optimizedlocationcandecreasetheoperationcosts,drivecityeconomicsocialdevelopmentandofferconvenienceforpassengerstotravel.Locationproblemissubjecttoqualitativeandquantitativefactors,thesefactorsaredividedintothefirst,thesecond,thethirdclass
4、accordingtotheclassificationflowchart.Basedontheflowchartofcandidateplaces,thispaperbuildsthe0-1programmingmathematicalmodel,theobjectfunctionisminimizethecosts.Itisveryeasytosolvethemodelbecausethenumberofcandidateplacesisrelativefew.Toillustratehowtousethemodeltosolvethefac
5、tualpractice,thispaperdesignsacalculatingexampleaccordingtotherailwayfact.Thefirstconstraintfactorsarewhethertheplacehasagoodcoordinationwiththeurbanplanning,whethertheplacehasagoodcoordinationwiththeotherstationsintherailwayhub,whethertheplacehasagoodcoordinationwiththeurban
6、publictransportation,whethertheplacehasapromotiontothecitydevelopment,whethertheplacehasainfluencetothecityenvironment,whethertheplacehasagoodtransferwiththeothertransportmode(civilaviation,highway,wateretc).Thesecondconstraintfactorsarewhethertheplacecanmeetthedemandofrecent
7、andfuturedevelopmentscale,whethertheplacehasaconflictwithmilitaryfacilities,whethertheplacehasaconflictwiththeprotectionofculturalrelics.Thethirdconstraintfactorsaretheconstructioncostofrailwaypassengerstation,operatingcostofrailwayhubandthetravelcostofrailwaypassenger.Thispa
8、pergivesthesolutionprocessanddiscussesthemodelresultintheend.1tabs,2