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1、HydraulicsystemandPeumaticSystemHui-xiongwan,JunFanAbstract:Hydraulicsystemiswidelyusedinindustry,suchasstamping,grindingofsteeltypeworkandgeneralprocessingindustries,agriculture,mining,spacetechnology,deepseaexploration,transportation,marinetechnology,offshoregasandoilexplorationindustries,insh
2、ort,Fewpeopleintheirdailylivesdonotgetcertainbenefitsfromthehydraulictechnology.Successfulandwidelyusedinthehydraulicsystem'ssecretliesinitsversatilityandeaseofmaneuverability.Hydraulicpowertransmissionmechanicalsystemsasbeingnotlikethemachinegeometryconstraints,Inaddition,thehydraulicsystemdoes
3、notliketheelectricalsystem,asconstrainedbythephysicalpropertiesofmaterials,itpassedalmostnoamountofpowerconstraints.Keywords:Hydraulicsystem,Pressuresystem,FluidThehistoryofhydraulicpowerisalongone,datingfromman’sprehistoriceffortstoharnesstheenergyintheworldaroundhim.Theonlysourcereadilyavailab
4、lewerethewaterandthewind—twofreeandmovingstreams.Thewatermill,thefirsthydraulicmotor,wasanearlyinvention.OneispicturedonamosaticattheGreatPalaceinByzantium,datingfromtheearlyfifthcentury.ThemillhadbeenbuiltbytheRomans.Butthefirstrecordofawatermillgoesbackevenfurther,toaround100BC,andtheoriginsma
5、yindeedhavebeenmuchearlier.Thedomesticationofgrainbegansome5000yearsbeforeandsomeenterprisingfarmerisboundtohavebecometiredofpoundingorgrindingthegrainbyhand.Perhaps,infact,theinventorweresomefarmer’swives.Sincetheoftendrewtheheavyjobs.Fluidisasubstancewhichmayflow;thatis,itsconstituentparticles
6、maycontinuouslychangetheirpositionsrelativetooneanother.Moreover,itoffersnolastingresistancetothedisplacement,howevergreat,ofonelayeroveranother.Thismeansthat,ifthefluidisatrest,noshearforce(thatisaforcetangentialtothesurfaceonwhichitacts)canexistinit.FluidmaybeclassifiedasNewtonianornon--Newton
7、ian.InNewtonianfluidthereisalinearrelationbetweenthemagnitudeofappliedshearstressesandtheresultingrateofangulardeformation.Innon—Newtonianfluidthereisanonlinearrelationbetweenthemagnitudeofappliedshearstressandtherateofangul
