六西格玛管理简介(英文版).ppt

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1、Glossary4-Block……………………………aerror……………………………arisk………………………………Accuracy…………………………Active(opportunityordefect)…AdvocacyTeam…………………AlternateHypothesis…………ANOVA……………………………ANOVAmethod(GaugeR&R)…Assignablecausevariation……AttributeChart…………………Attributedata……………………Av

2、erage………………………Graphicaltooltoshowtherelationshipbetweenprocesscapability,control&technology.Theerrormadeifdifferenceisclaimed,whentherealityissameness(e.g.rejectinggoodparts;Producer’sRisk).Therisk(probability)ofmakinganaerror(frequentlysetat5%).Howclosemeasureme

3、ntsare,onaverage,totheirtarget.Anopportunityordefectthatisbeingmeasured(adefectwearelookingfor).ThegroupofpeoplewhohaveastakeintheSixSigmaproject,includingthosewhomustkeepitincontrol.SeeHaAnalysisofVariance.Astatisticalmethodofquantifyingcontributionsofdiscretele

4、velsof“X”stothevariationina“Y”response.AMinitabselectionforGaugeR&Rthatincludesoperator-partinteractioninthecalculationofvariationcontributions.ThemostaccuratemethodforGaugeR&R.Removablevariationinaprocess;variationduetooutsideinfluences.See‘BlackNoise’.StatisticalP

5、rocessControl(SPC)chartfordiscretedata.Includesp,np,canducharts.Datathatcanbedescribedbylevels,integervaluesorcategoriesonly.SeeDiscretedata.Thesumofalldatainasampledividedbythenumberofdatapointsinthesample.SeeMean.berror……………………………brisk……………………………Baselining…………………

6、……Benchmarking……………………BlackBelt………………………BlackNoise………………………Boxplot…………………………Brainstorming……………………Centring…………………………CentringofXvariables…………CentralLimitTheorem…………Theerrormadeifsamenessisclaimed,whentherealityisdifference(e.g.acceptingbadparts-Consumer’sRisk).The

7、risk(probability)ofmakingabetaerror(frequentlysetat10%).Evaluatingthecapabilityofaprocessasitstandstoday,without“tweaking”-i.e.passiveobservation.Evaluatingthecapabilityofsimilarprocessestoquantifywhatconstitutes‘theBest’.Apersonwhosefulltimejobconsistsofapplicatio

8、nofSixSigmatools/methodsonprojects.Processvariationdueto‘outsideinfluences’.SeeAssignableCauseVariation.Graphshowingtheportionofadistribu