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1、独立主格结构又称绝对结构或复合结构。由下列结构构成用来表示时间`原因，条件，行为方式或伴随情况。其作用相当于状语从句，这种结构多用于书面语中。1．名词（代词）+现在分词XiaoWangfallingill，(主动关系)wehavetolookafterhim。Theguestshavingleft，shebegantocleantheroom。2．名词(代词)+过去分词Herglassesbroken,(被动关系)shecouldn’tseethewordsontheblackboard.Shestoodthere,herhandscrossedonthechest
2、.3.名词(代词)+形容词Thestreetswetandslippery,wehadtorideoutbikesslowlyandcarefully./Thestudentswerelisteningtotheteacher,theireyeswideopen.(这种结构与”主系表”结构相似,非谓语系动词being往往省略,但当being的逻辑主语是代词时,being就不能省略.)Itbeingsunny,thechildrenwenttothepark4.名词(代词)+副词Themeetingover,wereturnedtotheclassroomfromth
3、ehall./Hepulledonhisshirt,wrongsideout.(这种结构也相当于主系表结构,表语为副词时,非谓语动词being常省略5.名词(代词)+介词短语Theoldmansatonthechair,(with)apipeinhishand./Themanwentoutoftheroom,foodinmouth(在这种表达方式中有两种习惯用法L1有冠词和物主代词等分别修饰前后两个名词,有时有with引导,如以上第一句;第二种前后两个名词没有任何冠词或物主代词修饰,也不用with引导.)6.名词(代词)+不定式Thesportsmeetingtob
4、eheldnextweek,wemustgetreadyforit.Somanypeopletohelphim,heissuretosucceed.7.Therebeing+名词(代词)Therebeingnobus,wehadtowalkhome.Therebeingnomorethingstobediscussed,themeetingcametoanend.(这种结构是存在句型的独立主格结构,其中being不能省略)二.独立结构在句中的作用1.时间状语Springcomingon,thetreesturngreen./Theproblem(havingbeen
5、)solved,theywentbacktotheirownpost.2.作原因状语ItbeingSundayyesterday,wedidn’tgotoschool.Thekey(havingbeen)lost,shecouldn’tentertheroom.3.作条件状语Timepermiting,we’llvisitthepark./Waterheatedtoahightemperature,wecanseestreamrisingfromit.4.方式状语或伴随状语Thechildrenweremakingasnowman,theirhandsredwith
6、cold.Hefelltotheground,bloodtricklingfromhisnose.三独立主格结构的句型转换1.转换成状语从句Hishomeworkdone,hewenttobed.=Afterhishomeworkwasdone,hewenttobed.Shenotfeelingwell,weworriedabouther.=Asshewasnotfeelingwell,weworriedabouther.Weatherpermiting.thesportsmeetwillbeheldthedayaftertomorrow.=Ifweatherper
7、mits,thesports----2.转换成并列句Theyoungwomancameintothecinema,ababyinherarms=theyoung-----thecinemaandababywasinherarms.3.转换成with结构Nightfalling,wehurriedhome.=Withnightfalling,wehurriedhome.Theoldscientistscametothemeeting,hiswifesupportinghim.(withhiswifesupportinghim.Morethan用法A.moretha
