2015名词性从句笔记.doc

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1、名词性从句笔记宾语从句一位置1位于及物动词后基本结构:主句主语+vt+宾语从句Eg.Ibelievethatwewillwinthismatch.2位于介词后基本结构:主句主语+vi+介词+宾语从句Eg.Heknewnothingaboutwhatshehaddone.3部分形容词后基本结构:主句主语+beadj+宾语从句Eg.IamgladthatIcanmeetallofyouhere.Eg.Heisnotsurewhatheoughttodo.Eg.Iamsurprisedthatyouhaven’tseenherbefore.二引导词1．that使用的两个条件宾语

2、从句的语法结构完整，不缺句子成分宾语从句的句子意思确定，无未定因素Eg.Idon’tdoubtthathewillhelpus.注意：Doyoudoubtthathewillkeephispromise?注意：that在正式英语中一般不能省略，尤其是以下情况。1）exceptthat…Eg.IknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromJiangmen.2)Everyonecanseethatshehaslostthegameandthatherparentsaredisappointed.2．Whether使用的两个条件宾语从句的语法结构完

3、整，不缺句子成分宾语从句的句子意思不确定，必须含有“是否”等不定因素。Eg.Idoubtwhetherhewillhelpus.Eg.Theresultoftheexamwilldependonwhetherheworkshardornot.3．引导代词引导代词可以在宾语从句中充当主语，宾语，表语，定语。What,who,whom,which,whose,Whatever,whoever,whomever等1)What在宾语从句中充当主语，宾语，表语Eg.Shetoldhimwhathadhappened.主语Eg.Hewrotedownwhathehadseen.宾语E

4、g.Sheknowswhatthemostimportantthingistoher.表语2)who在宾语从句中充当主语，宾语,表语Eg.Shedoesn’tknowwhocanhelpheratthismoment.主语Eg.Shehasnoideawho/whomshecantrustnow.宾语Eg.Shewantstofindoutwhothevisitorsare.表语3)whom在宾语从句中充当宾语,表语Eg.Sheneedstounderstandwhomshecantrust.Eg.Difficulttimealwaysshowuswhomourbestf

5、riendsare.4)which在宾语从句中充当定语Eg.IwanttofindoutwhichbookIshouldchoose.5)whose在宾语从句中充当定语Eg.Sheaskedmewhosebookitwas.表示任意性的引导代词6）whateverEg.IwilldowhateverIcandotohelpyou.7)whoeverEg.Iwanttotalkwithwhoeverisinchargeofthematter.8)whomeverEg.Idon’tcarewhomeversheis.4引导副词引导副词在宾语从句中充当状语，或表语1)When时

6、间状语/表语Eg.Shedidn’tknowwhenhewouldarrive.时间状语Eg.Sheneedstoknowwhentheendofthiswillbe.表语1)Where地点状语/表语Eg.Sherememberedclearlywheretheymetforthefirsttime.地点状语Eg.Sheforgotwhereheroldhousewas.表语2)Why原因状语Eg.Wehavenoideawhysheleftwithoutsayingaword.3)How方式状语，程度状语Eg.Peoplehaveunderstoodhowtheanim

7、alhasdisappeared.方式状语Eg.youhavenoideahowmuchIcareaboutyou.程度状语三语序1.宾语从句应该用陈述语序（主语+谓语）Eg.Shetoldherparentsthatshehadfinishedherhomework.2.以下句子也是陈述语序Eg.Shetoldherparentswhatshehadseenthere.特殊疑问词+主语+谓语Eg.Shewentouttoseewhatwasthematter.主语+谓语+表语Eg.Shewentouttofindoutwha