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《中国垂乳银杏种质资源及生物学特性分析-论文.pdf》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、第34卷第3期西南林业大学学报Vo1.34No.32014年6月JOURNALOFSOUTHWESTFORESTRYUNIVERSITYJun.2014doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095—1914.2014.03.003中国垂乳银杏种质资源及生物学特性分析刘晓静付兆军邢世岩李际红吴岐奎辛红(山东农业大学林学院,山东泰安271018)摘要:通过对中国垂乳银杏资源及分布特点、数量与生境的关系、生长特性和再生特性调查分析,结果表明,我国垂乳银杏不少于348株,主要分布在19个省份,西南地区的贵州、云南、四川和重庆共236株,占67.82%,其中雌株2
2、71株,占80.18%。树高一般为10~40m,胸径为1.0~3.0m,年龄为100~2000a,平均冠幅为10~30m。垂乳呈圆锥状悬垂于树枝、树干或基部,垂直向下生长,顶端被树皮覆盖,初生垂乳多呈黄褐色,中生垂乳渐变为银灰色,成熟后则呈暗灰色,垂乳按着生位置分为枝生垂乳、干生垂乳和基生垂乳,其被切割后,可以再生大量的新生垂乳;银杏垂乳发生需要一定的年降水量和年均日照时数。关键词:垂乳银杏;种质资源;分布特点;生物学特性;形态特征中图分类号:$722.3文献标志码:A文章编号:2095—1914(2014)03—0012一O7TheGermPlasmaR
3、esourcesandBiologicalCharacteristicsAnalysisofChineseChichiedGinkgoLIUXiao-jing,FUZhao-jun,XINGShi-yan,LIJi-hong,WUQi—kui,XINHong(CollegeofForesty,ShandongAgriculturalUniversity,TaihnShandong271018,China)Abstract:Thispapermadechichiedginkgoasresearchmaterial,mainlyresearchedonitsc
4、haracteristicsofdistribution,growth,andregeneration,besides,therelationshipbetweenchichiedginkgoandhabitat.Theresultsshowedthat,thereweremorethan348plantsofchichiedginkgoesinourcountry,whichmainlydistributedin19provincesand236(67.82%ofthetota1)plantsofthemwereinsouthwesternChinaar
5、eas,includingGuizhou,Yunnan,SichuanandChongqing.Therewere271plantswerefemale,whichaccountedfor80.18%oftota1.Theheightofchichiedginkgowas10—40m,DBHwas1.0—3.0m,ageswere100—2000years,andthecrowndi—ameterwasaround10—30m.Thechichioverhangsthetreebranch,treetrunkorthebaseofthetreeincone
6、shape,growsverticaldownwardandthetopofthetreewascoveredbytreebark.Mostoftheyoungchichiginkgoeswereyellow—browncolor,andthengraduallychangedtosilvergray,finallybecamedarkgraywhentheywerema—tured.Chichicouldbedividedintobranchchichi,trunkchichiandbasechichiaccordingtoitsinsertionpos
7、ition.Thechichiginkgocouldberegeneratedinlargequantitiesafteritwascutdown.However,chichiginkgoonlyhap—pensonacertainannualprecipitationandsunshinehours.Keywords:chichiginkgo;germplasmaresources;characteristicsofdistribution;biologicalcharacteristics;morphologicalcharacter收稿日期:2014
8、—02—14基金项目:国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD21B0
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