如何写好论文的introduction

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1、P40introduction学术论文中的引言(Introduction)是对全文内容和结构的总体勾画。引言尽管不像摘要那样有一定的篇幅限制和相对固定的格式，但在内容和结构模式上也有需要遵循的规律。第一层：Introducingthegeneralresearchareaincludingitsbackground,importance,andpresentlevelofdevelopment……………………………………………………………Reviewingpreviousresearchinthisar

2、ea……………………………………………………………………第二层：Indicatingtheproblemthathasnotbeensolvedbypreviousresearch,raisingarelevantquestion……………………………第三层：Specifyingthepurposeofyourresearch…………………………第四层：Announcingyourmajorfindings………………………………Outliningthecontentsofyourpaper………………

3、………ReadthefollowingparagraphandsummarizethemainelementsincludedinthefirstLevelofanIntroductionForecastofthetracksofhurricanes(飓风)haveimprovedsteadilyoverthepastthreedecades,owingtoacombinationofbetterobservationsandmuchimprovednumericalmodels.Theseimprov

4、ements,alongwithadvancesinwarningsystemsandpreparednessforemergencies,havebroughtaboutasignificantdeclineinlossoflife.引言开头(即第一层)最主要目的是告诉读者论文所涉及的研究领域及其意义是什么，研究要解决什么问题，目前状况或水平如何。也就是说，开头要回答如下问题：Whatisthesubjectoftheresearch?Howistheresearchgoingatpresent?句型

5、1:研究主题+谓语动词be…．Spotwelding(点焊)isthemostwidelyusedjoiningmethodintheautomobilemanufacturingindustry.句型2:研究主题+hasbecome…thebatterytechnologyhasbecomeincreasinglypopularinautomotiveindustry.Forestdeclinehasbecomeafavoritetopicforenvironmentalstudies.句型3:Rec

6、ently,therehasbeengrowinginterestin/concernabout+研究主题Inthe1990stherehasbeengrowinginterestinthedevelopmentofelectricvehiclesinresponsetothepublicdemandforcleanerair.句型4:Recentlytherehave/hasbeenextensive/increasing/numerouspublications/literature/reporti

7、ngon+研究领域Therehavebeennumerouspublicationsoverthelasttenyearsontheneedfornursingeducationtokeeppacewiththeincreaseinknowledgeofbiologicalscience.句型5:Researchershavebecomeincreasinglyinterestedin+研究领域或:Researchershaverecentlyfocusedtheirattentionon+研究领域Re

8、searchershavebecomemoreinterestedinenvironmentalindicators.Researchersarepayingmoreattentiontohighpressureinjection(高压喷射).文献出处的标注模式1：作者(年代)十谓语动词主动语态+研究内容／成果例:P40thesecondparagraphAlso,Fay(1991)foundcooperativegroupprojects