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ID:39230153
大小:1.82 MB
页数:34页
时间:2019-06-28
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1、P40introduction学术论文中的引言(Introduction)是对全文内容和结构的总体勾画。引言尽管不像摘要那样有一定的篇幅限制和相对固定的格式,但在内容和结构模式上也有需要遵循的规律。第一层:Introducingthegeneralresearchareaincludingitsbackground,importance,andpresentlevelofdevelopment……………………………………………………………Reviewingpreviousresearchinthisarea……………………………………………………………………
2、第二层:Indicatingtheproblemthathasnotbeensolvedbypreviousresearch,raisingarelevantquestion……………………………第三层:Specifyingthepurposeofyourresearch…………………………第四层:Announcingyourmajorfindings………………………………Outliningthecontentsofyourpaper………………………Readthefollowingparagraphandsummarizethemainelementsi
3、ncludedinthefirstLevelofanIntroductionForecastofthetracksofhurricanes(飓风)haveimprovedsteadilyoverthepastthreedecades,owingtoacombinationofbetterobservationsandmuchimprovednumericalmodels.Theseimprovements,alongwithadvancesinwarningsystemsandpreparednessforemergencies,havebroughtabo
4、utasignificantdeclineinlossoflife.引言开头(即第一层)最主要目的是告诉读者论文所涉及的研究领域及其意义是什么,研究要解决什么问题,目前状况或水平如何。也就是说,开头要回答如下问题:Whatisthesubjectoftheresearch?Howistheresearchgoingatpresent?句型1:研究主题+谓语动词be….Spotwelding(点焊)isthemostwidelyusedjoiningmethodintheautomobilemanufacturingindustry.句型2:研究主题+hasb
5、ecome…thebatterytechnologyhasbecomeincreasinglypopularinautomotiveindustry.Forestdeclinehasbecomeafavoritetopicforenvironmentalstudies.句型3:Recently,therehasbeengrowinginterestin/concernabout+研究主题Inthe1990stherehasbeengrowinginterestinthedevelopmentofelectricvehiclesinresponsetothep
6、ublicdemandforcleanerair.句型4:Recentlytherehave/hasbeenextensive/increasing/numerouspublications/literature/reportingon+研究领域Therehavebeennumerouspublicationsoverthelasttenyearsontheneedfornursingeducationtokeeppacewiththeincreaseinknowledgeofbiologicalscience.句型5:Researchershavebeco
7、meincreasinglyinterestedin+研究领域或:Researchershaverecentlyfocusedtheirattentionon+研究领域Researchershavebecomemoreinterestedinenvironmentalindicators.Researchersarepayingmoreattentiontohighpressureinjection(高压喷射).文献出处的标注模式1:作者(年代)十谓语动词主动语态+研究内容/成果例:P40thesecondparagraphAlso,Fay(1991)fou
8、ndcooperativegroupprojects
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