如何写好论文的introdu

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1、P40introduction学术论文中的引言(Introduction)是对全文内容和结构的总体勾画。引言尽管不像摘要那样有一定的篇幅限制和相对固定的格式，但在内容和结构模式上也有需要遵循的规律。第一层：Introducingthegeneralresearchareaincludingitsbackground,importance,andpresentlevelofdevelopment……………………………………………………………Reviewingpreviousresearchinthisarea…

2、…………………………………………………………………第二层：Indicatingtheproblemthathasnotbeensolvedbypreviousresearch,raisingarelevantquestion……………………………第三层：Specifyingthepurposeofyourresearch…………………………第四层：Announcingyourmajorfindings………………………………Outliningthecontentsofyourpaper………………………Rea

3、dthefollowingparagraphandsummarizethemainelementsincludedinthefirstLevelofanIntroductionForecastofthetracksofhurricanes(飓风)haveimprovedsteadilyoverthepastthreedecades,owingtoacombinationofbetterobservationsandmuchimprovednumericalmodels.Theseimprovements,al

4、ongwithadvancesinwarningsystemsandpreparednessforemergencies,havebroughtaboutasignificantdeclineinlossoflife.引言开头(即第一层)最主要目的是告诉读者论文所涉及的研究领域及其意义是什么，研究要解决什么问题，目前状况或水平如何。也就是说，开头要回答如下问题：Whatisthesubjectoftheresearch?Howistheresearchgoingatpresent?句型1:研究主题+谓语动词b

5、e…．Spotwelding(点焊)isthemostwidelyusedjoiningmethodintheautomobilemanufacturingindustry.句型2:研究主题+hasbecome…thebatterytechnologyhasbecomeincreasinglypopularinautomotiveindustry.Forestdeclinehasbecomeafavoritetopicforenvironmentalstudies.句型3:Recently,therehasb

6、eengrowinginterestin/concernabout+研究主题Inthe1990stherehasbeengrowinginterestinthedevelopmentofelectricvehiclesinresponsetothepublicdemandforcleanerair.句型4:Recentlytherehave/hasbeenextensive/increasing/numerouspublications/literature/reportingon+研究领域Therehave

7、beennumerouspublicationsoverthelasttenyearsontheneedfornursingeducationtokeeppacewiththeincreaseinknowledgeofbiologicalscience.句型5:Researchershavebecomeincreasinglyinterestedin+研究领域或:Researchershaverecentlyfocusedtheirattentionon+研究领域Researchershavebecomemo

8、reinterestedinenvironmentalindicators.Researchersarepayingmoreattentiontohighpressureinjection(高压喷射).文献出处的标注模式1：作者(年代)十谓语动词主动语态+研究内容／成果例:P40thesecondparagraphAlso,Fay(1991)foundcooperativegroupprojects