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1、土木建筑毕业设计外文文献翻译中英文：地下建筑结构UndergroundstructureConstructionofrockorsoilintheconstruction.Itisamoderncityofhigh-speedproductdevelopment,thecitywillagaineasethecontradictionsoftheroletoimprovethelivingenvironment,butalsoopenedupnewhumanlife.Rationaldevelopmentandutilizationofhuman
2、naturalandartificialexcavationoftheundergroundspace,notonlyhelptoeasethedevelopmentofmodernurbancontradictions,toimprovethelivingenvironment,butalsotoopenupanewhumanlife.Becauseofthelarge-scaledevelopmentofundergroundconstruction,undergroundarchitectureistakingshape,itsresear
3、chincludesthehistoryofdevelopmentofundergroundconstructionanddevelopmentofundergroundspacedevelopmentandutilizationofundergroundspaceinurbanplanning,varioustypesofundergroundconstructionplanninganddesign,aswellasundergroundconstructionandrelatedenvironmental,physiological,psy
4、chologicalandtechnicalissues.Undergroundconstructionhasagoodprotectiveperformance,betterthermalstabilityandconfined,aswellasanintegratedeconomic,socialandenvironmentalbenefits.Undergroundconstructioninacertainthicknessofrockorsoil,youcanavoidorreducenuclearweapons,conventiona
5、lweapons,chemicalandbiologicalweaponsofdestruction,whileatthesametimemoreeffectivelytoresistearthquakes,hurricanesandothernaturaldisasters.Undergroundconstructioninandaroundtheconfinedenvironmentofrelativelystableexistenceofthetemperaturefield,temperature,orforcreatingultra-c
6、leanmanufacturingenvironmentandatlowtemperaturesorunderhigh-temperaturestorageofmaterials,pollutionprevention,especiallyforenergyconservationaswell.Inthecityplannedtheconstructionofundergroundconstruction,urban1landuseforsavings,lowerbuildingdensity,toimproveurbantransportati
7、on,theexpansionofgreenspace,reduceurbanpollutionandimprovethequalityofurbanlife,etc.,canplayanimportantrole.Undergroundconstructionalsohasshortcomings,suchasconstructioncostsarehigh,theconstructioncomplicated.ABriefHistoryofthedevelopmentofundergroundancienttimes,humanshavebe
8、enanti-yearsuseofnaturalcaves,andsheltertoescapethebeast.Zhoukoudian
