人海河口闸下河道泥沙淤积危害评估研究-论文.pdf

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1、第31卷第5期海洋工程Vol_31No．52013年9月THE0CEANENGINEERINGSept．2013文章编号：1005-9865(2013)05-0055-07人海河口闸下河道泥沙淤积危害评估研究高祥宇，窦希萍，朱明成(南京水利科学研究院河流海岸研究所，江苏南京210029)摘要：人海河口闸下河道淤积会带来防洪排涝安全问题、影响上游的排灌环境、恶化下游的通航条件、威胁水闸的正常运行等，本文主要针对其增大防洪排涝灾害风险进行探讨。首先介绍了海河流域主要入海河口和苏北里下四港闸下河道的淤积情况和排水能力的变化，然后根据

2、闸下淤积影响因子、洪涝灾害发生频率和抗灾能力等指数建立了风险评估体系，以海河流域和江苏里下四河为例，划分闸下淤积危害为五级，分别为极轻危害、轻危害、中危害、较重危害和重危害。计算分析表明：海河流域的海河闸和永定河闸闸下河道淤积为较重危害，泥沙淤积为严重淤积；独流减河闸下淤积为中危害，泥沙淤积为相对严重淤积。江苏里下四河的射阳河闸和黄沙港闸闸下淤积为较重危害，泥沙淤积为严重淤积；新洋港闸和斗龙港闸闸下淤积为中危害，泥沙淤积为相对严重淤积。关键词：泥沙淤积；危害评估；入海河口；闸下河道中图分类号：TV148．1文献标识码：ARes

3、earchofhazardevaluationonsedimentdepositiondownstreamofthesluiceinestuariesGAOXiang—yu，DOUXi·ping，ZHUMing—cheng(RiverandHarborEngineeringDepartment，NamingHydraulicResearchInstitute，Naming210029，China)Abstract：Sedimentdepositiondownstreamofthesluiceinestuarycausesase

4、riesofbadeffectsonfloodcontrol，drainagesecurity，up—streamirrigationanddrainage，downstreamnavigationconditionandsluicenormalrunning．Thisarticlemainlydiscussestheincreasingdisasterriskinfloodcontrolanddrainage．Firstly，depositionanddrainagecapacitychangesofmainestuarie

5、sinHaiheRiverbasinandfourriversdownstreamofthesluicesinNo．hemJiangsuareintroduced．ThenariskassessmentsystemiSestablishedbasedontheimpactfactorofthedepositiondownstreamofthesluice，flooddisasterfrequencyandanti-disasterabilityindex．TakingHaiheRiverbasinandfourriversin

6、LixiaheAreaasexamples，thesedimentdepositionhazarddownstreamofthesluiceisdividedintofivelevelsincludingverylighthazard，lighthazard，mediumhazard，slightheavyhazardandheavyhazard．CalculationandanalysisshowthatsedimentdepositiondownstreamoftheHaiheSluiceandYongdingheSlui

7、cebelongstoheavyhazard，sedimentdepositiondownstreamoftheDuliujianheSluicebelongstomediumhazard，sedimentdepositiondownstreamoftheSheyangheSluiceandHuangshagangSluicebelongstoslightheavyhaz—ard，sedimentdepositiondownstreamoftheXinyanggangSluiceandDoulonggangSluicebelo

8、ngstomediumhazard．Keywords：sedimentdeposition；hazardevaluation；estuary；waterwaydownstreamofthesluice我国1．8万km大陆岸线和1．4万km岛屿岸线上，分布着大小人海河口约180