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时间:2020-04-21
《包膜尿素对温室番茄产量、品质和经济效益的影响-论文.pdf》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、植物营养与肥料学报2014,20(2):389—395JournalofPIantNutritionandFertilizerdoi:10.11674/zwyf.2014.0215包膜尿素对温室番茄产量、品质和经济效益的影响曹兵,倪小会,肖强,徐凯,杨俊刚,衣文平,李丽霞,(1北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京100097;2北京市缓控释肥料工程技术研究中心,北京100097;3北京市房山区农业科学研究所,北京100015)摘要:采用田间小区和试验示范研究了包膜尿素对番茄产量、品质和施肥经济效益的影响,包膜尿素20%的氮混入育苗基质,剩余80%在移栽时条施(总
2、施氮量为常规施氮量的50%)。结果表明,包膜尿素接触施肥的番茄壮苗指数比常规育苗提高了47.9%;与普通尿素底施加3次追肥相比,施用包膜尿素的番茄产量较等氮量普通尿素(N180kg/hm)和常规施氮量(N360kg/hm)处理分别增加了5.1%和9.7%,氮肥利用率提高了9.0~10.2个百分点;相比普通尿素,包膜尿素改善了番茄品质,其中可溶性糖含量提高6.5%~9.4%,Vc含量提高10%~1I.3%。与常规施氮相比,包膜尿素在氮肥投入略低的情况下(减少44Yuan/hm),番茄单位面积产值和净收益(扣除肥料投入)比常规施氮量增加了33.8%。施用包膜尿素的表层(0
3、—20cm)土壤硝态氮含量相对普通尿素起到了削峰填谷作用,降低了硝态氮的淋失风险。关键词:番茄;包膜尿素;经济效益;产量;品质中图分类号:S145.5;$641.2.601文献标识码:A文章编号:1008—505X(2014)02—0389—07Impactofcoatedureaonyield,qualityandeconomicreturnsofgreenhousetomatoCAOBing,,NIXiao-hui',XIAOQiang',XUKai,YANGJun.gang',YIWen.ping',LILi.xia,(JInstituteofPlantNutr
4、itionandResource,Beiji~AcademyofAgriculturalandForestryScience,Beijing100097,China;2BeijingEngineeringTechnologyResearchCenterforSlow~Controlled—ReleaseFeail~er,Beng100097,China;3InstituteofAgriculturalScienceofFangshanDistrict,Beo'ing100015,China)Abstract:Fieldanddemonstrationexperimen
5、tswerecombinedtostudyeffectsofcoatedureaonyield,qualityandeconomicreturnsoftomato.20%ofcoatedureawasmixedwithseedlingsubstrateandtheother80%wasbandedpreplantapplication(theNapplicationrateofcoatedureawas50%ofconventionalNrate).Theresultsshowedthattheseedlingstrengthindexofcoatedureawith
6、contactapplicationwas47.9%higherthanthatoftheconventionalseedling.Comparedtotheureawithbasalapplicationand3topdressings,thetomatoyieldwithcoatedureaincreasedby9.7%and5.1%,respectively,andthenitrogenuseeficiency(NUE)increasedby9.O一10.2percentagepoint.Tomatoqualitywithcoatedureawasimprove
7、dcomparedtotheurea,inwhichthesolublesugarcontentincreasedby6.5%一9.4%andVitaminCcontentincreasedby10%一11.3%.Economicreturnsoftomatowiththecoatedureaincreasedby33.8%comparedtotheconventionalNapplication.thoughNinputoftheformerwasreducedbyRMB44yuanperhectare.Nitratedynamicsofsurfa
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