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1、第38卷第5期西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)Vol.38No.52010年5月JournalofNorthwestA&FUniversity(Nat.Sci.Ed.)May20103前茬作物对辣椒生长发育及产量和品质的影响abacbdc贾文燕,梁银丽,白彩虹,朱艳丽,林兴军,彭强,陈晨(西北农林科技大学a资源环境学院,b水土保持研究所,c生命科学学院,d林学院,陕西杨凌712100)[摘要]【目的】研究不同前茬作物对辣椒生长发育、产量及品质的影响,为辣椒选择适宜前茬以及合理的种植模式提供科学依据。【方法】采用田间试验和实验室分析相结合的方法,以莴笋、大蒜和小麦为前茬作物,测定了3
2、种前茬作物处理下的土壤养分、辣椒根系形态、叶片叶绿素含量和净光合速率(Pn)、产量及品质。【结果】与莴笋茬和小麦茬相比,大蒜茬极显著提高了土壤有机质和有效磷含量;大蒜茬辣椒叶片叶绿素含量分别较莴笋茬和小麦茬高8.79%和7.64%;辣椒根长、根粗、根干质量、净光合速率和结果数均为大蒜茬>莴笋茬>小麦茬,差异显著;大蒜茬辣椒总产量分别为莴笋茬和小麦茬的1.22和2.55倍,总经济效益分别为莴笋茬和小麦茬的1.18和2.59倍,差异极显著。小麦茬辣椒果实中Vc含量分别较莴笋茬和大蒜茬高22.85%和19.80%,可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质和干物质含量也均以小麦茬最高。【结论】大蒜茬可以显著提
3、高辣椒产量及经济效益,小麦茬能改善辣椒品质。[关键词]前茬作物;种植模式;茬口效应;辣椒;根系发育+[中图分类号]S641.304.6[文献标识码]A[文章编号]167129387(2010)0520119206Effectofforecropsongrowth,yieldandqualityofhotpepperabacJIAWen2yan,LIANGYin2li,BAICai2hong,ZHUYan2li,bdcLINXing2jun,PENGQiang,CHENChen(aCollegeofResourcesandEnvironment,bWaterandSoilConserv
4、ationInstitute,cCollegeofLifeScience,dCollegeofForestry,NorthwestA&FUniversity,Yangling,Shaanxi712100,China)Abstract:【Objective】Theexperimentwastochoosetheproperforecropsforhotpepperandscientificbasisforreasonableplanterpatternthroughstudyingtheeffectofdifferentforecropsongrowth,yieldandquality
5、ofhotpepper【.Method】Theexperimentdeterminedsoilnutrientcontent,rootmorphology,chloro2phyllcontent,netphotosyntheticratio,yieldandqualityofhotpepperinthethreeforecropstreatments,withthemethodofthecombinationoffieldinvestigationandinnerexperiment.Theforecropswereaspara2guslettuce,wheatandgarlic【.
6、Result】Theresultshowedthatthegarlicstubblenotonlyincreasedthecon2tentofsoilorganicmatter,butalsoincreasedthecontentofavailableP.Thechlorophyllcontentinthegar2lictreatmentwas8.79%and7.64%significantlyhigherthanthatoftheasparaguslettucestubbleandwheatstubbletreatmentsrespectively.Bothnetphotosynt
7、heticratioandthefruitnumberperareaofhotpepperdecreasedintheorderofgarlicstubble,asparaguslettucestubble,wheatstubble,withsignificantdifference.Thetotalyieldinthegarlictreatmentwas1.22and2.55timeshigherthanthatoftheasparaguslettuce
