重症监护病房患者医院感染病原菌及药敏调查

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1、中国基层医药2010年7月第17卷第14期ChinJPrimMedPharm，July2010，Vo1．17，No．14·1939·重症监护病房患者医院感染病原菌及药敏调查侯有华蒋全【摘要】目的观察重症监护室中重危患者感染的病原菌及其对抗菌药物的敏感性。方法对2008年5月至2009年10月所送检的各类标本培养及药敏结果进行回顾性分析。结果阳性605株，痰中阳性率最高。G菌122株，葡萄球菌属98株，其中B-内酰胺酶阳性93株，药物敏感率利耐唑胺100％，万古霉素98．2％，利福平86．7％，苯唑西

2、林耐药率高达98．9％；G一菌393株，其中铜绿假单胞菌133株，鲍曼不动及鲍曼／溶血不动杆菌106株，阴沟肠杆菌24株，嗜麦芽菌属20株，克雷伯菌属19株，药物敏感率亚胺培南61．6％，氨曲南42．0％，左氧氟沙星38．8％，阿米卡星36．1％，而3、4代头孢菌素耐药率高达70％以上；真菌90株，以念珠菌属为主。结论重症监护室重危患者院内感染的病原菌以呼吸道为主，G一菌多见，亚胺培南、氨曲南敏感性较高，G菌对B一内酰胺类药物耐药性很高，但对利奈唑胺、万古霉素、利福平敏感性高。【关键词】病原菌；抗菌

3、药物；重症监护室TheanalysisofthedistributionofpathogenandtheircharacteristicsofdrugsusceptibilityintheintensivecareunitsHOUYou—hua’，JIANGQmn．DepartmentofICU，TheXinhuaHospitalofHuainan，Huainan，Anhui232052，China【Abstract】0bjectiveToanalyzethedistributionofpathog

4、ensanditscharacteristicsofdrugsusceptibilityoriginatingfromnosocomialinfectionsintheintensivecareunits(ICU)，andtoprovideevidenceforclinicalanti-infec-tiontreatments．MethodsThedataofthepathogensandtheirdl'ugsusceptibilitycharacteristicswereretrospective

5、lyanalyzed．ManykindsofsampleswerecollectedinICUfromMay2008toOctober2009．ResultsTherewere605postivestrainsandthehighestpostiverateinsputum．TheGram·postivebacteriastrainswere122，including98strainsofstaphylococcuswherepostiveB—lactamaseswere93．Thedrugsusc

6、eptibilityrateoflinezolid，vancomycinandri—fampinWaS100％，98．2％and86．7％，respectively．However，thedrugresistantrateofoxacillinwas98．9％．Totally393strainsoftheGram—negativebacteriahavebeenfound，wherepseudomonasaeruginosa，acinetobactorbaumannii，enterobactercl

7、oacae，stenotroplmmonasmahophiliaandklebsiellasppwere133，106，24，20and19strains，respective—ly．Thedrugsusceptibihtyrateofimipenem，aztreonam，levofloxacinandamikacinWaS61．6％，42．O％，38．8％and36．1％．respectively．Butthedrugresistantrateofthethirdandfourthgenerati

8、oncephalosporinwasover70％．90strainsoffungiwerealsofound．Themostcommonfungiinfectionwascandida．ConclusionThenosocomialinfec·tionsinICUoccursmainlyinrespiratorytract．mostinfectionsarecausedbygramnegativebacilli．Imipenemandaz·treonamhavegr