小学英语英语故事（名人故事）LifeandPhilosophy.docx

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1、Life and PhilosophyInhistorynophilosopherhaseveraffectedmoreindividuallivesthanConfuciusdid.Foraround2000yearsConfucianismwas"…themostimportantsingleforceinChineselife…".Hisbeliefswereformedwhenhewasayoungman.DismayedbythestateChinawasin.Hewantedpeoplewithpowertoadoptbet

2、termoralsandcompassion.Hethoughtthatforpeacetobereached,peopleneededtofindli(courtesy)intherelives.Meaningthatsocietycouldonlyreachthe"ideal"ifeveryonewasmoralandresponsible.ConfuciusneversawwhathisideasdidforChina;dyingmanycenturiesbeforetheywererecognized.Confucius'sli

3、fewastohimunfulfillingbuttheinfluencehehadontheworldwouldrivalmostreligiousfigures. ConfuciuswasborninChou,Lu(whichisnowtheShandongProvince).Hisfather(Shu-LiangHo)diedwhenhewas3andhismother(YanZhengzai)diedwhenhewas23.Confuciuswasborna basted（溜油） andreceivedmuchdistained

4、fromothers.Hewasnotallowedtogetaneducationbecausehewasconsideredapeasant;howeverhehadadeepinterestinspiritualityandChinesetraditions.Hefoundawaytoeducatehimselfthough;byworkingforanoblemanhegainedaccesstoChinesewritingsandart.Hebecamewellrespectedforhisfairnessandhisknow

5、ledgeofChinesetraditions.Hewashappytoteachanyonewhowantedtobetaughtandquicklypeoplewerelininguptoseehim.DukeChaoadmiredhimsomuchthathegamehimajobasanadvisor.WhenChaowasexiledfromLuConfuciusfollowedhimtoCh'i.InCh'iheearnedthesamerespectthathehadinLubuttheDukeofthestatewou

6、ldn'tputConfucius'sdoctrinesintopracticeeventhoughhebelievedinthem.In511B.C.ChaodiedinexileandConfuciusreturnedtoLuwherehegaveupongovernmentandstartedaprivateschool.PeoplecamefromfarandwidetobetaughtbyConfucius."ConfuciuswaschangingChinaonestudentatatime"。 "Toputtheworld

7、inorder,wemustfirstputthenationinorder;toputthenationinorder,wemustputthefamilyinorder;toputthefamilyinorder,wemustcultivateourpersonallife;andtocultivateourpersonallife,wemustfirstsetourheartright."To"setourheartright"accordingtoConfuciusweneededtopossesfivequalities.Th

8、eseareintegrity,righteousness,loyalty,altruismandjen(torespectalllivingthings).Confuciusalsobelievedina