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1、Rabindranath TagoreMystic,painterandNobellaureateforliterature,RabindranathTagorewasaprolificwriter(3,000poems,2,000songs,8novels,40volumesofessaysandshortstories,50plays),whodrewinspirationbothfromhisnativeBengalandfromEnglishliterarytradition.Hismajorthemewashuman
2、ity'ssearchforGodandtruth.HewasawardedtheNobelPrizeinLiteratureforhiscollectionofwell-knownpoemsGitanjali(SongOfferings).BorninCalcuttaonMay7,1861,Rabindranathwastheyoungestoffourteenchildren.Hisfather,DebendranathTagore,wasaSanskritscholarandaleadingmemberoftheBrah
3、moSamaj.Rabindranath'searlyeducationwasimpartedathome.Inschool,whileothersusetolearntheirlessons,hewouldslipintomoreexcitingworldofdreams.Inspiredbyhisoldernephew,hewrotehisfirstpoemwhenhewashardlyseven.Attheageofseventeen,hisfirstbookofpoemswaspublished.From1878to1
4、880TagorestudiedlawinEngland,andin1890,havingreturnedtoIndia,hetookchargeofhisfather'sestates,wherehesawfirsthandthesufferingandbackwardnessofIndia'sruralpoorandgrewtolovetheserenityoftheIndiancountryside.Devotinghimselftotheagriculturaldevelopmentofthelandandthehea
5、lthandeducationofthepeople,hefounded,in1901,Santiniketan("AbodeofPeace"),whichbecameaninternationaluniversitywithawide-rangingcurriculum.Hewasknightedin1915,anhonorherenouncedfouryearslaterasaprotestagainsttheJallianwalaBaghmassacrebytheBritishinIndia.Tagorewaskeenl
6、yawareofIndia'ssocio-politicalconditionunderBritishrule.HesupportedtheSwadeshimovementandhadbeendeeplyinfluencedbythereligiousrenaissanceof19thcenturyIndia.Comingoutstronglyagainstorthodoxritualshewrote,"Leavethischantingandsingingandtellingofbeads!Whomdostthanworsh
7、ipinthislonelydarkcornerofatemplewithdoorsallshut?OpenthineeyesandseethyGodisnotbeforethee!"(Verse11,Gitanjali)Tragically,between1902and1907,Tagorelosthiswife,sonanddaughter.Butoutofhispainemergedsomeofhismosttenderwork,includingGitanjali,publishedin1910.Tagoreremai
8、nedatruepatriot,supportingthenationalmovementandwritingthelyricsofthe"JanaGanaMana",whichisIndia'snationalanthem.Between1916and1941,Tagore
