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1、2019年高考英语语法必考考点(12):状语从句含解析李仕才【考点解读】在复合句中,修饰主句或主句谓语的句子叫作状语从句。状语从句可位于主句之前,也可位于主句之后。状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、条件、方式、让步、比较和目的等九大类。一、状语从句引导词列表从句类型从属连词时间状语从句as,after,before,once,since,till,until,when,whenever,while,assoonas地点状语从句where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere原因状语从
2、句because,since,as,now(that),seeingthat,consideringthat,inthat结果状语从句that,sothat,so/such...that...目的状语从句sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,incase,forthepurposethat条件状语从句if,unless,as/solongas,onconditionthat,incase,providedthat比较状语从句than,as...as,notso/as...as方式状语
3、从句as,asif/though,how让步状语从句though,although,evenif/though,however,whatever,as,while【点睛】(1)上述有些连词除了能引导状语从句外,还可引导定语从句和名词性从句。在使用的时候,要根据句子结构和句意来判别和区分不同的从句,正确使用引导词。以where为例,试比较下列多种从句的区别。Youaretofinditwhereyouleftit.(地点状语从句)Tellmetheaddresswherehelives.(定语从句,先行词为t
4、headdress)Idon’tknowwherehecamefrom.(宾语从句)Wherehehasgoneisnotknownyet.(主语从句)Thisplaceiswheretheyoncehid.(表语从句)(2)在两个分句间要有一个且只有一个连词,千万不能按汉语习惯。Becausehewasill,hedidn’tcometoschool.=Hewasill,sohedidn’tcometoschool.(3)在时间、地点、条件、方式或让步状语从句中,若从句的主语与主句的主语一致(或从句的主语
5、为it),从句的谓语又包含动词be时,从句中的“主语+be”部分可省略。When(hewas)askedaboutit,hekeptsilent.Fillintheblankswitharticleswhen(theyare)necessary.If(itis)possible,I’llexplainitagainlater.Shestoodatthegateasif(shewas)waitingforsomeone.二、时间状语从句1.“一……就……”的表达如下表词类常用词例句从属连词assoonasHe
6、startedassoonashereceivedthenews.副词immediately,directly,instantlyTheyphonedimmediatelytheyreachedhome.名词/名词短语theminute/moment/second/instant,every/eachtimeTheyranawaythemomenttheysawtheguard.EachtimeIwasintrouble,hewouldstandby.句型结构nosooner...than...,hardl
7、y/scarcely...when...NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethanitbegantorain.2.till和until的用法(1)肯定句中,主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词,意为“某一动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。Heremainedtheretill/untilshearrived.(2)否定句中,主句谓语动词必须是非延续性动词,从句为肯定式,意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。IwasnotawarethatIforgotmytickettill/untilIgottothesta
8、tion.(3)till不可置于句首,until可以。(4)强调和倒装句中,not...until应视为一个整体,同时被强调或置于句首。ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.3.before和since的用法(1)before常用于表示“还未……就;不到……就;……才;趁……;还没来得及”等含义