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1、主谓一致语法总结----安顺一中曹方平供稿一.就近原则:在notonly…butalso,not…but,neither…nor,either…or,therebe…句型中,谓语动词由相邻的主语来确定。例:1.NotonlytheybutalsoIamgoingtocollectmoneyfortheHopeProject. 2.EitheryouorJackisabouttotaketheplaceofthemanager.二.集合名词做主语,指成员时,谓语用复数;指团体,组织时,谓语用单数:如:class,team,group,family,audience(听众),government
2、,company,crowd,public,enemy,committee(委员会)等。例:1.Theclassarebusyworkingontheexercisesatthemoment. 2.Theteamwasanexcellentoneinthe25thOlympicGames.三.当两个名词用with,togetherwith,aswellas,ratherthan,morethan,but,except,besides,alongwith,including,like等连接起来做主语时,谓语动词与前面的主语一致。例:1.Jackie,withhisparents,intends
3、tosetoutforEuropeonbusinessnextweek. 2.Theson,ratherthanhisparents,isresponsibleforthefireaccident.(对火灾事故负责的是儿子而不是父母)四.当each,neither,either以及由every,any,no,some与one,body,thing构成的不定代词做主语时,谓语动词用单数。例:1.Eachofthegirlsisfondofpopmusicinherclass. 2.Someoneisexpectingyouattheschoolgate.但none做主语时谓语用单复数都行。例
4、:Noneofthemare/isinterestedinlocalmusic.另外:当every,each,no做定语时,即使用and连接两个主语,谓语也用单数。例:1.Eachstudentispreparingforthefinalexaminationnow. 2.Everyboyandeverygirlisproudoftheresultoftheexperiment. 3.Noteacherandnostudentisadmittedtoentertheplace. 4.TheyeachhaveanEnglishdictionary.(此句中each做同位语,谓语由主语the
5、y确定)五.当主语表示时间,重量,距离,价格时,谓语动词用单数。例:1.Fivehundreddollarsisquiteenoughforthereturnvoyage(返航)。 2.Sevenkilometerswascoveredintwohours.但算式做主语时,谓语用单数,复数都可以。例:1.Fourtimesfiveis/aretwenty.(Fourtimesfivemake/makestwenty.)六.当主语是一个从句,不定式或动名词时,谓语一般用单数。但由and连接两个不定式或动名词时,动词则用复数,表示不同的两件事。例:1.whetherhesucceedsorfai
6、lsdoesn'tconcernme.(他成功或失败与我无关) 2.SwimmingintheYangtzeRiverneedsgreatcourage. 3.Tosaysomethingisonething,todoitisanother. 4.Toplaybasketballandtogoswimmingareofgreatuseforcharacter-training.另外:当what,all(that)或such引导的句子做主语时,谓语用单数或复数应看后面的表语来确定.例:1.WhathewantsissomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglish,whilewha
7、thelooksforwardtoaresomeEnglishdictionaries. 2.Allthattheyaskforarevegetables,fruits,quiltsandclothes. 3.SucharethethingsIoftendoinaday. 4.SuchismybestfriendMary.七.当一个复数名词用做书名,人名,学科名或报刊名时,谓语用单数。例:1