水处理微生物学.ppt

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1、MicrobiologyofWaterTreatmentContentsSectionA–ThemicrobialworldSectionB–MicrobialmetabolismSectionC–InformationstorageandtransferSectionD–BacterialstructureandfunctionSectionE–BacterialgeneticsSectionF–BacteriaandArchaeaintheenvironmentSectionG–Eukaryoticmicrobes,anoverv

2、iewSectionH–ThefungiandrelatedphylaSectionI–TheChlorophytaandProtistaSectionJ–Theviruses补充1：环境因素对微生物生长的影响补充2：微生物在自然环境中的作用补充3.环境微生物污染、监测及控制补充4：微生物在废水处理中的应用微生物实验：6个A1TheMicrobialworldSectionATheMicrobialworldObjectives1.Whatisamicrobe（微生物）？2.Prokaryotes（原核生物）andeukaryotes

3、（真核生物）3.Theimportanceofmicrobiology(微生物学）MicrobeApproximaterangeofsizesNatureofcellViruses0.01~0.25㎛Acellular（非细胞的）Bacteria0.1~750㎛Prokaryote（原核细胞）Fungi2㎛~1mEukaryote（真核细胞）Protista2~1000㎛Eukaryote1.Whatisamicrobe？1.1Microbe:Microbeisusedtodescribeanorganismthatissosmall

4、that,normally,itcannotbeseenwithouttheaidofamicroscope.1.2thecategory:Viruses（病毒）,Bacteria（细菌）,Archaea（古细菌），fungi（真菌）andprotista（原生生物）1.3TheirsizesandcelltypeRelativesizesofcellsandtheircomponents1.Whatisamicrobe？1.4BiologicalClassificationThebiologicalclassificationsys

5、temthatwestilluseforplantsandanimals,isrelativelyminormodified,forfungiandmicroorganisms.Itisasystemthatstartswithafewcategoriesatthehighestlevel,andfurthersub-dividesthemateachlowerlevel.ThelevelsweregivennamesthatarealreadyfamiliartoyouKingdom（界）Phylum（门）Class（纲）Order

6、（目）Family（科）Genus（属）Species（种）1.Whatisamicrobe？1.5MicrobialClassificationViruskingdom——VirusProkaryotekingdomFungikingdomProtogeneeukaryotekingdomBacteriaphylumBluealgaephylum——Cyanobacteria（蓝细菌）Bacteria（细菌）Actinomyceto（放线菌）Mold（霉菌）Yeast（酵母菌）Algae（藻类）protozoa（原生动物）1.Wha

7、tisamicrobe？1.5Microbialnomenclature（命名法）——binomialspeciesnameForexample:StaphylococcusaureusRosenbachStaphylococcus（属名）葡萄球菌aureus（种名）金黄色的Rosenbach（命名人）Forexample:EscherichiacoliEscherichEscherichia（埃希氏杆菌属）coli（大肠菌，原意是从结肠colon分离出来的）Escherich(最早分离人）2.Prokaryotesandeukary

8、otesThefirstcellBacteriaArchaeaEukarya2.Prokaryotesandeukaryotes原核生物真核生物遗传物质和复制的组装：1.DNA在细胞中游离；2.只有一个染色体；3.DNA