第9讲 特殊句式(i)

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1、第9讲特殊句式(I)LecturedbyPengFashengpengfs@126compengfs@126.com§无主句§“得”字句无主句一、运用英语的被动结构某些表示事物存在、出现的无主句，可以译成被动句(1)封面上印着一个猎人的像。Thefigureofahunterwasprintedonthecover(ofthebkbook)).(2)这儿将修建更多的居民大楼。Moreapartmenthouseswillbebuilthere.某些表示要求、规定的无主句，也往往可以译成被动句。(()1)本剧场内禁止吸烟。Smokingisnotallowedinthisthe

2、atre.(2)发现了错误，一定要改正。Wrongsmustberightedwhentheyarediscovered.(3)必须保证八小时睡眠。Eiggphthours'sleepmustbegguaranteed.二、采用“There+be”，“It+be…+to…”等结构汉语中的某些格言、经验，或带有哲理的元主句，翻译时一般都采用这类结构。(()1)没有顺利，无所谓困难;没有困难，也无所谓顺利。Withoutfacilitytherewouldbenodifficulty;withoutWithoutfacility,therewouldbenodifficulty;

3、withoutdifficulty,therewouldalsobenofacility.(2)活到老，学到老。OneisnevertoooldtolearnOneisnevertoooldtolearn.(3)你忘记一句古话了吗：活到老，学到老。何况你并不老。You'reforgettingtheoldsaying:oneisnevertoooldtolllearn.Inanycase,you'renotolddatallll.三、采用倒装语序(1)在游廊的最左端，靠近一道门，却坐有一位将近三十岁的男子。(茅盾《子夜》)Closebadoorattheetremelefto

4、ftheerandasataClosebyadoorattheextremeleftoftheverandasatamanofaboutthirty.(2)描金的福建漆盘子里还放着当天的报。OnthegildedFujianlacquertrayalsolaythemorningOnthegildedFujianlacquertrayalsolaythemorningnewspaper.(3)地下埋藏着大量的金、银、铜、铅和锌。Hiddenundergroundisawealthofgold,silver,copper,lddileadandzinc.从警察背后突然跳出一个黑

5、麻子来，怒声喝打。(茅盾《林家铺子》)Aswarthypock-markedmanjumpedoutfrombehindthepolicemenandhowledforthemtoattackthepolicemenandhowledforthemtoattack.四、采用祈使句式(1)请勿吸烟NoSmokingNoSmoking.(2)此处禁止停车NoParking.(3)请讲慢一点。Speakalittleslower,please.(4)到什么山上唱什么歌。Singdifferentsongsondifferentmountains.五、选用适当的名词或代词补出主语(1

6、)弄得不好，就会前功尽弃。Ifthingsarenotproperlyhandled,ourlabourwillbetotallylost.不经一事，不长一智。Yocan'tgainknoledgeYoucan'tgainknowledgewithoithotpracticeutpractice.Wisdomcomesfromexperience.(1)“没有调查就没有发言权”这句话，虽然曾经被人讥为“狭隘经验论”的，我却至今不悔。Althoughmyassertion,"Noinvestigation,norighttospeak",hasbeenridiculedas"n

7、arrowempiricism",tothisdayIdonotregrethavingmadeit;(2)没有调查研究就没有发言权，我们取消了他(陈独秀)的发言权。HewhomakesnoinvestigationandstudyhasnorighttoHewhomakesnoinvestigationandstudyhasnorighttospeak,andaccordinglywedeprivedChenDuxiuofthatrightthatright.“得”字句“得”字句指的是由结构助词“得”