物理化学渗透压双语版.ppt

《物理化学渗透压双语版.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在PPT专区-天天文库。

1、Chapter7:Slide1Osmosis–forGreekword“push”Spontaneouspassageofapuresolventintoasolutionseparatedfromitbyasemi-permeablemembrane(membranepermeabletothesolvent,butnottothesolute)Osmoticpressure–P–thepressurethatmustbeappliedtothesolutiontostoptheinfluxofthesolventVan’tHoffequation:Osmometry-determinati

2、onofmolarmassbymeasurementofosmoticpressure–macromolecules(proteinsandpolymers)Followingwewillshowhowtoprove:******Besides:soAs，-lnXa=-ln(1-Xb)=Xbchangeptop+，whenchangeisverysmall，theintegratorcanbetreatedasconstants。Chapter7:Slide4SolventAwithchemicalpotentialmA*(p)SemipermeableMembraneHeightPropo

3、rtionaltoOsmoticPressurePSolutionOsmosisTherearetheapplicationofplasmaosmoticpressureinmedicine.Plasmaosmoticpressurefornormalphysiologicalfunctionandphysicalhealthhasacloserelationship.Onpatientclinicaltransfusion,theuseofcertaindrugsandpreparationinvolvessolutionofosmoticpressureproblem.Thenwewill

4、discusshowtocalculatetheconcentrationofisotonicsolution,likeNaClinjectionandglucoseinjection血浆渗透压在医学上有很的应用，血浆的渗透压对保持人体正常生理功能和身体健康有着密切关系。临床上对病员进行输液,某些药物的使用及配制等,都涉及溶液渗透压问题。接下来我们将讨论如何计算等渗溶液的浓度，像NaCl注射液，葡萄糖注射液。。Knownasc=b，becausebloodisverydiluteaqueoussolution,thinkitsdensitywithwaterSamedegreeofappro

5、ximation，c=b，SoBloodismacromolecularaqueoussolution,thehumanbodybloodfreezingpointof272.59K.(1)thebodytemperatureof37℃whenbloodosmoticpressure;(2)atthesametemperature,1dm3glucose(C6H12O6)inaqueoussolutioncontaininghowmanygramsofglucoseisneededtohavethesameasthebloodoftheosmoticpressure.Thefreezingpo

6、intofwaterisknowntoreducecoefficientof1.86As（2）As，whenmA=1.0kg（thinkthedensityofglucoseisρ＝1kg·dm3），(about5.4％)Question：accordingtotheresultofonthetopic,couldyoutellme1dm3inphysiologicalsalineinjectioncontainshowmanygramsofNaClisneededtohavethesameasthebloodoftheosmoticpressure.AsbB=0.3011whenmA=1.0

7、kg（Setthedensityofnormalsalineinjectionρ＝1kg·dm3）(about0.9％)