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1、ImpactofmoderndeepwaterdrillingandtestingfluidsongeochemicalevaluationsLloydM.Wenger,,CaraL.Davis,JosephM.Evensen,JamesR.GormlyandPaulJ.MankiewiczExxonMobilUpstreamResearchCompany,P.O.Box2189,Houston,TX77252-2189,USAReceived6October2003; revised1May2004; accepted1June2004
2、. GuestAssociateEditor–ErdemIdiz. Availableonline15September2004.AbstractEvaluationofpetroleum-fluidproperties,hydrocarbonshows,andsource-rockcharacteristicsrequiresnewtoolstoproperlyrecognizeandcorrectfordrillingandtest-inducedcontamination,whichisincreasinglycommoninmod
3、erndeepwaterfieldoperations.Oilexploration,development,andnowproduction,aremorefrequentlyconductedindeeper-waterenvironmentswherethechallengesfacedbydrillingandoperationscanseverelyimpacttheevaluationofoilandrockgeochemistryandfluidproperties.Poorlyconsolidatedsediments,s
4、wellingclayminerals,andresponsestoevolvingenvironmentalregulationsregardingoffshoredisposalofdrillcuttingshaveresultedinthewidespreaduseofenhancedmineraloilorsynthetic-basedmuds.Also,water-baseddrillingfluidsusedinsomedeepwateroperationscontainadditivesthatmayimpactfluida
5、ndrockgeochemistry.Forexample,asphalt-basedshalestabilizersareaddedtoaidwell-borecompetencyandpreventstickingdrillpipe,andpolyalkylatedglycolsareaddedtodepressfreezingtemperaturesandpreventtheformationofgashydratesinthedrillingmud.Becausetheseandotheradditivesareoftenasig
6、nificantcomponentofwater-basedmuds,theymayaffectthegeochemicalsignatureoffluidsandrocksandalterfluidproperties.Highlysalinebrinesareanotherimportantsourceofcontaminationastheyareusedincompletionfluids,water-wetmuds,andareemulsifiedinoil-wetmuds.Brinecomponentsimpactmetalc
7、ontentsofpetroleum-fluidtestsandcomplicatethedeterminationofformation-watercompositions.Despitepotentialproblemsintroducedbytheseadditives,successfulstrategiescanbedevisedtoaccuratelyaccesskeygeochemicalandengineeringparameters.ArticleOutline1.Introduction2.Drillingfluidc
8、omponents3.Oil-baseddrillingfluids:compositionandcomponentfunctions4.Contaminationassessmentandc