语言学简明教程Cha.ppt

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1、GeneralLinguisticsSchoolofForeignLanguagesbyMaoYanwen1Targetsofthiscourse:4.Tobeaqualifiedteacherofalanguage3.Todoresearch2.Tocontributetothedevelopmentofhumanlanguages1.Toknowmoreaboutlanguage5.Tolearnalanguagebetter(forexampleEnglish)6.Totaketheentranceexamtobeap

2、ostgraduateofalanguage7.TogethighermarksforTEM8Whydoweneedtostudylinguistics?8.…2Questions1.Whatisthebookabout?2.Whydowestudylinguistics?3.Whatcanwedowithlinguistics?3Chapter1LanguageandLinguistics1.1IntroductionofLinguistics1.2 Whatislanguage?1.3Propertiesoflangua

3、ge1.4BodyLanguagesandOther‘Languages’1.5FunctionsofLanguage1.6SomeDistinctionsinLinguistics(FAQ)exercises4Itisamajorbranchofsocialscience.Linguisticsstudiesnotjustonelanguageofanysociety,butthelanguageofallhumansocieties,languageingeneral.Linguisticsstudiesthegener

4、alprinciplesuponwhichalllanguagesareconstructedandoperateasasystemofcommunicationinthesocietiesinwhichtheyareused.WhatisLinguistics?Linguisticscanbedefinedasthescientificstudyoflanguage.1.1IntroductionofLinguistics5ScopeofLinguistics1.GeneralLinguistics(intheory):2

5、.Macrolinguistics(ApplicationofLinguistics)3.OtherclassificationsoflinguisticsNext61.GeneralLinguistics(intheory):Phonetics(语音学)Phonology(音系学)Morphology(形态学/词形学)Syntax(句法学)Semantics(语义学)Pragmatics(语用学)Theaboveaspectsoflanguageformsthecoreoflinguistics.7Sociolinguis

6、tics（社会语言学）Psycholinguistics（心理语言学）Corpuslinguistics（语料库语言学）Computationallinguistics（计算语言学)Stylisticlinguistics（stylistics)(文体学/语体学）Appliedlinguistics(应用语言学）……2.Macrolinguistics(ApplicationofLinguistics)83.OtherClassificationsofLinguisticsFunctionallinguistics(功能语言

7、学）Structurallinguistics（结构语言学）Chomskyanlinguistics（乔姆斯基语言学）Hallidayanlinguistics（韩礼德语言学）……9Ancient(Plato),wordorigins&wordclass15thcentury,universalgrammar18thcentury,thesimilaritiesofsomelanguages19thcentury,historicalstudyofdifferentlanguagesHistoryofLinguisti

8、csPre-scientificStudy10ScientificStudyStructurestudyoflanguage(in1916)DeSaussure,theforefatherofmodernlinguisticsStructuralism(30yearslater)Ameri