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1、JournalofAdvancedTransportation,Vol.29,No.2,pp.145-162.LocatingRapidTransitLinesMichelGendreauGilbertLaporteJuanA.MesaThispaperdescribesthemaincriteriausedtodesignrapidtransitalignments.ItalsoshowshowOperationalResearchtoolscanassistthedesignprocess.Oneoftheguestsaskedtheotherstobetonhowmanymetr
2、osystemstherewereintheworld.Theyaskedhimifheknewtheanswer,forifhedidnothowwouldtheyeverfindout?Hesaidofcoursehedid,hewouldnothavesuggesteditotherwise.Shesaid,“What’sametrosystem?’“Anundergroundrailway.Atube.”“Well,howmanyarethere?’“That’swhatI’masking.Younamethenumberofyourchoiceandputtenpoundst
3、othekitty.”“Intheworld?’shesaid.“Intheworld.”Shehadnoidea.Shesaidtwenty,thinkingthatmustbefartoomany.Someonesaidsixty,someoneelsesaidtwelve.Themanwhohadproposedthewagerwassmilingandseeinghissmile,theirsistersaidahundred,herbrother-in-lawninety.Hewonandgotthekitty.Theanswerwaseighty-nine.[RuthRen
4、dellwritingasBarbaraVine,“KingSolomon’sCarpet”,PenguinBooks,1991,pp.1-21,IntroductionTherearenowaroundninetymetrosystemsintheworld,andconstructionprojectsareunderwayinanumberofmajorcities.Inaddition,duetothelargeconstructioncostsoftraditionalunder-groundmetrosystems,severalcitieshaveoptedforalte
5、rnativeMichelGendreauisAssociateProfessorandGilbertLaporteisProfessorattheCentrederecherchesurlestransports,Universit6deMontrtal.JuanA.MesaisProfessorattheDepartamentodeMatemiticaAplicada,EscuelaSuperiordeIngenieros,Sevilla,Spain.146M,Gendreau,G.LaporteandJ.A.Mesasolutionssuchassurfacerailrapidt
6、ransit(RRT),lightrailtransit(LRT),andmonorails(seeJimknezSolano[1993]forataxonomyofrapidtransitsystems,andStoneetal.[1992]foracomparativeevaluationoftwomodes).AsindicatedbySullivan(1985),thenumberofsuchsystemsisgrowingsteadily.Everywhere,existingrapidtransitlinesarebeingbuilt,ex-tended,orupdated
7、.Suchprojectsrequirelargecapitalinvestmentsandgeneratesizableoperatingcosts.Theyalsofollowacomplexandusuallylengthyplanningprocess.Decisionshavetobemadeaboutthetypeofsystemtoadopt,alignments,constructiontechniques,numberandl
