资源描述：
《英语语言与文化lecture.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、EuphemismLecturer--zhouweiHeisabicycledoctor.”此句不能译作:"他是个骑单车的医生",因句中的doctor是委婉语(euphemism),是某种职业的美称,故不作"医生"解,而是表示repairman的涵义,因此应翻译为"他是个自行车修理工."常用委婉语举例原称 委婉语无线电修理工radioelectrician radiodoctor理发师barbercosmotologist家庭妇女housewife house
2、holdexecutive收垃圾工人garbagecollector sanitaryengineer老人oldpeople seniorcitizensOutlineI.Introduction1.1DefinitionofEuphemism1.2TheFeaturesofEuphemism1.3TheFunctionsofEuphemism1.4thewayshoweuphemismcomeintobeingII.TheApplicationofEuphemismIII.AComparisonofEuphemism
3、betweenEnglishandChineseIV.TranslationStrategiesofEuphemismI.Introduction1.1Definition:EuphemismisoriginatedfromtheancientGreek“euphemismos,”inwhichtheprefix“eu”means“good”or“elegant”andtheroot“pheme”means“speaking”or“words”.TheRandomHouseCollegeDictionarydefinesitas“asubstitutionofam
4、ild,indirect,orvagueexpressionforonethoughttobeoffensive,harshorblunt.”《语言与语言学词典》把委婉语定义为“用一种不明说的、能使人感到愉快的或含糊的说法,代替具有令人不悦的含义或不够尊敬的表达方法”.Euphemism一词源于希腊语，由吉利话（Wordsofgoodomen）的意思，现在普遍使用的委婉语定义是“温和，含糊和迂回的说法对粗俗、生硬和直率的替代”。委婉语起源于远古,维多利来女王时代中期为其鼎盛时期,在现代英语中,其出现频率依然颇高,因为人们通过委婉语,可以用温顺悦耳的词语去谈论或叙述
5、一些原来令人不快或逆耳之事物.为此,他们用domestichelp,dayhelp或live-inhelp代替mail或servant(佣人);以custodian或superintendent替代doorkeeper,caretaker或janitor(看门人或管理人);用Shehasatileloose或Shehasacylindermissing去代替Sheiscrazy或Sheisnotrightinthehead(神经失常).1.2Features1.2.1Time.Thesameobjectmayhavedifferentexpressionsindi
6、fferenttimes.Forexample,“trousers”hadseveralsubstitutionsas“indescribables,unspeakables,sit-upon’s”andsoonseveralhundredyearsago.Thefollowingstake“pregnant”asanexampletoillustratethechangesofeuphemismindifferenttimes.1)Shehascanceledallhersocialengagements.(1856)2)Sheisinaninteresting
7、condition.(1890)3)Sheisinadelicatecondition.(1895)4)Sheisknittinglittlebooties.(1910)5)Sheisinafamilyway.(1920)6)Sheisexpecting.(1935)7)Sheispregnant.(1956)More1.2.2Regional.Forexample,“沉”isatabooalongtheseasideregions,thustheboatownerwhosefamilynameis“陈”isoftensegmentedinto“耳东”.InTia
8、njing
