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时间:2020-03-26
《杂环型稳定硅烯插入HF、H2O和NH3反应.pdf》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、物理化学学报(WuliHuaxueXuebao)MayActas.-Chim.Sin.,2010,26(5):1429—14341429[Article】www.whxb.pku.edu.cn杂环型稳定硅烯插入HF、H2O和NH3反应孙龙解菊(扬州大学化学化工学院,江苏扬州225002)摘要:硅烯为卡宾的硅类似物,在有机光和热化学中作为一类重要的反应活性中间体引起了化学界的广泛兴趣.杂环型硅烯是实验合成的稳定硅烯,因其在有机硅化学中的重要作用,十几年来在实验和理论上均有研究报道.本文基于单重态杂环型硅烯的特殊电子性质和丰富的化学反应性,系统探讨了几种杂环型硅烯的插入反应.
2、使用密度泛函理论(DFF),在B3LYP/6—31l++G(d,p)水平上研究了三种氮杂环型不饱和硅烯(1,3,4)和两种氮杂环型饱和硅烯(2,5)分别与H—x(X=F,OH,NH2)键的插入反应,阐明了插入反应的机理并对各反应的结果进行了比较.杂环型硅烯与H—x的插入反应机理类似于简单硅烯,体现了硅烯的亲电亲核的双重反应性.由反应势垒和反应热看,五种硅烯与H—x键的插入反应均为HF最容易,H。O次之,NH。最难.饱和硅烯的反应性比不饱和硅烯的反应活性高,这也间接验证了杂环型饱和硅烯在实验中较难合成.关键词:杂环型稳定硅烯;插人反应;过渡态;能垒中图分类号:O641Ins
3、ertionReactionsofHeterocyclicStableSilylenesintoHF,H2OandNH3SUNLongXIEJu(CollegeofChemist~andChemicalEngineering,YangzhouUniversity,Yangzhou225002,JiangsuProvince,P.R.China)Abstract:Divalentsiliconspecies(silylenes)correspondingtocarbenesinorganicchemistryarekeyintermediatesinnumerousther
4、malandphotochemicalreactionsoforganosiliconcompoundsConsideringtheelectronic.characteristicsofthisclassofcompounds,thehigherhomologuesofthenitro—heterocyclicsilylenesarealsoofinterestandhavebeenstudiedexperimentallyandtheoretically.Thispromptedustotakeacloserlookatthechemicalbehaviorofnit
5、ro—heterocyclicsilylenesonatheoreticalbasis.Theinsertionreactionsofnitro—heterocyclicunsaturatedstablesilylenes(1,3,4)andnitro-heterocyclicsaturatedsilylenes(2,5)intoI-IF,H2O,andNH8moleculeswereperformedusingdensityfunctionaltheory(DFr)attheB3LYP/6—311++G(d,p)leve1.Theinsertionmechanismsw
6、ereinvestigatedandresultsfromVariousreactionswerecompared.TheresultsindicatedthattheinsertionreactionmechanismsofheterocyclicsilylenesandHXweresimilartothoseofsimplesilylene.Fromthereactionenergybarrierandthereactionenthalpy,theinsertionreactioncouldoccureasilyaccordingtothefollowingorder
7、:HF>H2O>NHThereactionactivitiesofsaturatedsilyleneswerestrongerthanthoseofunsaturatedsilylenes.Therefore,itisdificulttosynthesizeheterocyclicsaturatedsilylenes.KeyWords:Heterocyclicstablesilylene;Insertionreaction;Transitionstate;Energybarrier在过去的几十年里,硅烯作为一种反应活性中二价或
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