震后公路边坡崩塌地质灾害形成机理分析.pdf

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1、JournalofEngineeringGeology工程地质学报1004-9665／2012／20(2)一0249—10震后公路边坡崩塌地质灾害形成机理分析；l：成良霞①苏生瑞①李松②张宁博①(①长安大学地质工程与测绘学院西安710054)(②甘肃省地质环境监测院兰州730050)摘要震后崩塌是强震作用下形成的一类分布广泛、震裂变形严重、潜在威胁大的次生地质灾害。为了较为深入系统地分析其形成机理，本文结合对映秀至卧龙公路沿线震后公路边坡崩塌地质灾害详细调查和115条实测剖面的分析，首先把震后公路边坡崩塌地质灾害从孕育形成

2、到失稳破坏的演化发展过程分为4个阶段，即原始结构面的形成阶段、潜在变形体的形成阶段、震裂岩体的形成阶段和失稳破坏阶段。在此基础上，分析认为震后公路边坡崩塌地质灾害的形成机理可归纳为震裂一滑移式、震裂一倾倒式、震裂一溃屈式和震裂一错断式4种模式，研究成果为灾后公路重建和防灾减灾提供了有力参考。关键词震后崩塌公路边坡演化发展形成机理中图分类号：P642．23文献标识码：AANALYSISOFFOlATIoNMECHANISMSoNHIGHWAYSLoPECoL—LAPSEAFTERWENCHUANEARTHQUAKECHENG

3、Liangxia①SUShengrui①LISong②ZHANGNingb0①(~)SchoolofGeologyEngineeringandSurveying，ChanganUniversity，Xian710054)(②GansuInstituteofGeo—EnvironmentalMonitoring，Lanzhou730050)AbstractTheunexpectedstrong5．12WenchuanEarthquakecausedgreateconomiclossesandcasualtiesandaf-f

4、ectedalargeareaofSichuan．AftertheWenchuanEarthquake，therewereseveresecondarygeologicaldisastersonthehighwayfromYingxiutoWolong．thetrafficwasusuallysnarled，whichinfluencedthehighwaysafetyoperationandreconstructionseriously．What’Smore，thepost—earthquakecollapsesarea

5、secondarygeologicaldisasterwiththewidedistribution，severeshatterandlargepotentialthreatundertheactionofstrongearthquake．ThispaperanalyzestheformationmechanismO13post—earthquakecollapsesindepth．IttakesthehighwayfromYingxiutoWolongwithmorepost—earthquakecollapsesast

6、heresearchobject．Itcombineswithpredecessors’achievementsonWenchuanEarthquake．Itisbasedonthedetailedsurveyaboutthepost—earthquakecollapsesofslopesnearthesidesofthehighwayfromYingxiutoWolongand115profiles．Therearefourstagesofpost—earthquakecollapsesfromstarttofinish

7、．Namely，theyaretheoriginalstructure，potentialvariablebody，shatteringrockandcollapse．Onthisbasis，theformationmechanismonthepost—earthquakecollapsesofhighwayslopescanbedescribedasfourmodelsincludingshatter—slipcollapse，shatter—dumpcollapse，shatter—burstcollapseandsh

8、atter-offsetcollapse．Becauseofthecorn-plexrockmassstructure，thereareusuallytwoorthreecollapseformationmechanismswithacertainwaytogetherin收稿日期：2011—05—20