考研英语阅读复习材料2013最新版.pdf

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1、2013年考研英语阅读专题训练(2001-2011)注意事项：1、本讲义用于第二轮复习，用于总结主题词汇、各类阅读主题的命题规律。2、本讲义的分类也未必全然合理，还请诸君多多指教。2、本讲义真题源自2012年新东方范猛老师的讲义，如果有错误的话，请对照第一轮所用真题改正即是。专题一自然科学类阅读文章1、（09-2）Itisawisefatherthatknowshisownchild,buttodayamancanboosthispaternal(fatherly)wisdom—oratleastconfirmthathe’sthekid’sdad.Allhen

2、eedstodoisshellout$30forapaternitytestingkit(PTK)athislocaldrugstore—andanother$120togettheresults.Morethan60,000peoplehavepurchasedthePTKssincetheyfirstbecameavailablewithoutprescriptionslastyear,accordingtoDougFog,chiefoperatingofficerofIdentigene,whichmakestheover-the-counterkits.

3、MorethantwodozencompaniessellDNAtestsdirectlytothepublic,ranginginpricefromafewhundreddollarstomorethan$2,500.Amongthemostpopular:paternityandkinshiptesting,whichadoptedchildrencanusetofindtheirbiologicalrelativesandfamiliescanusetotrackdownkidsputupforadoption.DNAtestingisalsothelat

4、estrageamongpassionategenealogists—andsupportsbusinessesthatoffertosearchforafamily’sgeographicroots.Mosttestsrequirecollectingcellsbyswabbingsalivainthemouthandsendingittothecompanyfortesting.AlltestsrequireapotentialcandidatewithwhomtocompareDNA.Butsomeobserversareskeptical.“There’

5、sakindoffalseprecisionbeinghawkedbypeopleclaimingtheyaredoingancestrytesting,”saysTroyDuster,aNewYorkUniversitysociologist.Henotesthateachindividualhasmanyancestors—numberinginthehundredsjustafewcenturiesback.Yetmostancestrytestingonlyconsidersasinglelineage,eithertheYchromosomeinher

6、itedthroughmeninafather’slineormitochondrialDNA,whichispassed90-1downonlyfrommothers.ThisDNAcanrevealgeneticinformationaboutonlyoneortwoancestors,eventhough,forexample,justthreegenerationsbackpeoplealsohavesixothergreat-grandparentsor,fourgenerationsback,14othergreat-great-grandparen

7、ts.Criticsalsoarguethatcommercialgenetictestingisonlyasgoodasthereferencecollectionstowhichasampleiscompared.Databasesusedbysomecompaniesdon’trelyondatacollectedsystematicallybutratherlumptogetherinformationfromdifferentresearchprojects.ThismeansthataDNAdatabasemayhavealotofdatafroms

8、omeregionsan