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1、KingCharlesIHislifeCharlesI（1600.11.19—1649.1.30）FromMarch27,1625toJanuary30,1649hewasexecuted(hewastheonlyonebeingexecutedbythekingofEngland),Scotland,EnglandandIreland.AnotherfeatureofCharlieThi'sreignisthechaoticreligiousconflict.Subjectsweregenerallyontheirkingbelieftod
2、istrustattitude,ontheonehand,inthethirtyyears'War,hisfailuresuccesshelpProtestantforces.However,anotherfactis,hemarriedaprincessoftheRomanCatholicChurch.CharlieThiwasalsoacontroversialfigureinthechurch.ManyofhissubjectsthoughtthattheChurchofEnglandandtheCatholicChurchinRome
3、weretooclose.Sincethen,CharlieThihasalsotriedtoforceScotlandtocarryoutreligiousreform,whichledtotheBishop'swar.AllthismakesEnglandandtheScotlandCongressevenmoredeterminedtheirposition,andultimatelycontributedtothedemiseofCharlieThi.InthelastfewyearsofCharlie'slife,hebroketh
4、eEnglishCivilWarwithCongress.Atthesametime,hedevelopedaseriesofreligiouspolicies,whichcausedthedissatisfactionoftheChurchofCalvin,representedbythepilgrims.WhenCharlieThiwasdefeatedinthefirstEnglishCivilWar(1645-1642),Congresswantedhimtobeabletoacceptaconstitutionalmonarchy.
5、HoweverCharlesstubborn,healliedwithScotlandandfledtotheIsleofWight,thiskindofbehaviorincensedtheCongress,whichleadstothesecondEnglishCivilWar(1648-1649).CharlieThiwasdefeatedagain,andthenhewasarrested,tried,convicted,andexecutedfortreason.Themonarchyimmediatelyfellapart,Eng
6、landestablishedtheRepublicofChina,knownastheCommonwealthofEngland.ThisperiodisalsoknownastheCromwellvacancyperiod.CharlieThi'sson,CharlieII,afterthedeathofhisfatherinthethroneuntil1660,aftertherestorationoftheexerciseofpower.HismarriageandhischildrenJune12,1625washeirtothet
7、hroneofCharlieintheCanterburytomarryHenriettaMaria.Twopeopleatotalof6childrenlivetoadulthood:The1630PrinceWelshCharlie(laterKingCharlieS)1631(PrincessMarieofHollandmarriedtheprinceoforange)1633DukeofYork,James(futurekingJamesS)DukeAbani1636Elizabeth1637Anne1640theDukeofGlou
8、cester,Henry1644HenriettaAnne(marriedtotheDukeofOrlean)HisdeathThemilitaryleadersd
