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1、Unit3ComputersGrammarTwoTasks:ThePresentPerfectTenseThePresentPerfectPassiveVoiceThePresentPerfectTense现在完成时ThePresentPerfectTense表示过去已经发生或已经完成的某一动作对 现在造成的影响或结果.e.g.Wehaveseenthenewfilm.Iboughtanewcartwoweeksago.Ihaveboughtanewcar.(两周以前购买，动作发生于过去。)(“我”“已经
2、购买”，“已经拥有”， 重在强调“有”的结果与影响。)构成：ThePresentPerfectTensehave/has+donee.g.I'veseenthisfilm.Hehaslosthismathbook.Ihavelivedhereforeightyears.Ihavelivedheresinceeightyearsago.我在这儿住了已经8年了。我自从8年前就住在这儿。1)(have/has+过去分词)2)现在完成时常与already,always,often,ever,never,yet,n
3、ot...yet,just等不表示明确的时间副词连用;还可以和表示时间一直延续到目前的带since,for的状语及包括现在在内的词连用，如:now,today,thismonth,thisyear,recently,thesefewdays等。现在完成时ThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice现在完成时的被动语态表示到现在为止已经完成的某个被动的动作。1.ThenewbridgeovertheYellowRiverhasjustbeencompleted.2.Manymorebuildi
4、ngshavebeenbuiltinthepasttenyears.3.Thedirtyclotheshavebeenwashed.4.Theplanhasbeenstudiedbytheexpertsforthreetimes.5.ThechildhasbeentakencareofbyGrandmaalltheseyears.现在完成时的被动结构:have/hasbeendoneOvertimeIhavebeenchangedquitealot.Ihavebeenusedinofficesandhom
5、essincethe1970s.Sincethe1970smanynewapplicationshavebeenfoundforme.1.Thedirtyclothes___________________________.脏衣服都已经洗了。2.Theplan___________________bytheexpertsforthreetimes.这项计划已经由专家研究过三次了。havealreadybeenwashedhasbeenstudied3.Thechild___________________
6、___(takecareof)byGrandmaWangalltheseyears.这些年来,这个小孩一直由王奶奶照料。hasbeentakencareof注意：happen,takeplace,breakout,belongto,cost,last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。如：[误]GreatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinChinasince1978.[正]Greatchanges__________________inChinasince1978.havetakenplac
7、eExercises1.Bothmybrotherworkatthepowerstationthat___in myhometown.A.hassetupB.hasbeensetupC.wassetupD.issetup2.----_____thesportsmeetwillbeputoff.A.I’vebeentoldB.I’vetoldC.I’mtoldD.Itold3.Allthepreparationforthetask____,andwe’reready tostart.A.completedB
8、.completeC.hadbeencompletedD.havebeendone4.----Howlong____atthisjob?----Since1990.A.wereyouemployedB.haveyoubeenemployedC.hadyoubeenemployedD.willyoubeemployedBADB5.Whenandwheretogofortheon-salaryholiday____ yet.A.a
