欢迎来到天天文库
浏览记录
ID:52048363
大小:378.50 KB
页数:45页
时间:2020-03-31
《英语句子结构分析成分.ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习句子种类两种分类法按句子的用途可分四种:1)陈述句(肯定、否定):Heissixyearsold.2)疑问句(一般、特殊、选择、反意):Dotheylikeskating?Howoldishe?Whichoneyouprefer,yellowoneorredone?Marycanswim,can’tshe?3)祈使句:Becareful,boys.Don’ttalkinclass4)感叹句:Howclevertheboyis!按句子的结构可分三种:1)简单句2)并列句3)复
2、合句简单句主谓Thingschange./daybroke主系表Heremainsunhappy/Heisadoctor主谓宾Sheknowsthefacts/heenjoysswimming主谓宾宾Shebringsushappiness/Heaskedmeaquestion主谓宾宾补Ifoundthebookeasy/hewatchedthegirlcomingoutoftheroom.简单句简单句(simplesentence)只有一个限定动词(即只有一个主谓结构),它是最小的句子单位。主要起下列四种作
3、用中的一种。作一种陈述提出一个问题发出一种命令或请求表示一种感叹Examples:Theboyhitthedog./Thedogbittheboy.Thegirlreadthebooks./Thebookspleasedthegirl.Stephenapologizedatonce.Doestheshopcloseat7tonight?Shutthedoor.Whataslowtrainthisis!简单句的五个基本句型主语+不及物动词Shecame..主语+及物动词+宾语ShelikesEnglish.主语
4、+系动词+主语补语Sheishappy.主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语ShegaveJohnabook.Sheboughtabookforme.主语+动词+宾语+宾语补语Shemakeshermotherangry.Theteacheraskedmetoreadthepassage.1.主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。Thesunrisesintheeast(名词)Helikesdancing.(代词)Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(数词)Seeingisbel
5、ieving.(动名词)Toseeistobelieve.(不定式)Whatheneedsisabook.(主语从句)Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)(一)指出下列句中主语的中心词1.Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.2.Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.3.Todot
6、oday'shomeworkwithouttheteacher'shelpisverydifficult.谓语(predicate):是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的行为或状态,常用动词或者动词词组担任,放在主语的后面。WestudyEnglish. Heisasleep.(二).选出句中谓语的中心词①Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.A.don'tB.likeC.pictureD.wall②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.
7、A.getB.longerC.daysD.summer③Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?A.DoB.usuallyC.goD.bus④Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.A.willbeB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoon3.表语(predicative):系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。Heisateacher.(名词)Youdon’tlookit.(代词)Fiveandfiveisten
8、.(数词)Heisasleep.(形容词)Hisfatherisin.(副词)Thepictureisonthewall. (介词短语)Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.(形容词化的分词)Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.(表语从句)(常见的系动词有:be,sound(听起来),look(看起来),feel(摸起来,smell(闻起来),tast
此文档下载收益归作者所有