现在计算机底层软件技术.ppt

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1、现代计算机底层软件技术顶星数码PC底层软件包括？BIOSBasicInputOutputSystem基本输入输出系统系统硬件的一部分硬件中的软件ECEmbeddedControllerProgramEmbeddedkeyboard&EmbeddedMousePowerManagementBatterySystemBIOS功能BootOSfromsomemediaInitializeISASystemInitializeSpecificHardwareInitializeIndustryStandardsystemOffersys

2、teminformationtoOSandAppHardwareProgramInterfaceroutinePowerManageSxSupportBootOSfromsomemediaDeviceTypeATA/ATAPIDeviceUSBHarddisk/floppy/CDROMPCIDeviceOtherSelectableBBSSpecInitializeSpecificHardwareMemorySizingGPIOClockChipCSSpecificInitializeSpecificHardwarePortin

3、gtoourSystemCardBusControllerInitializeISASystemVGAto…Keyboard8259,8254,…InitializeIndustryStandardsystemInitializePCISystemInitializePnPSystemInitializeATA/ATASystemInitializeUSBSystemOther1394…InitializePCISystemEnumeratePCISystemBusNo,DeviceNo,andFunctionNoAllocat

4、eSystemResourcetoEveryPCIDeviceMemoryIOCopyROMtoROMAddressInitializePnPSystemBasedOnSCDInitializePnPISAInitializeCompatiblePnPDeviceSupperIOCardReader(LPC)InitializeATA/ATAPISystemNativeSupport?HowManyController?LoopeveryChanneltofinddeviceInitializeeveryfoundHarddis

5、kandCDROMSetupInt13RoutineandDiskParameterTableInitializeUSBSystemAllocatesystemresourcetoUSBControllerLoopEverycontrollertofinddeviceSetAddressEnumerateDeviceClassHookfromUSBStorageDeviceOffersysteminformationtoOSandAppToOS:ACPIInt15MPTablePCIRoutingTable…ToAppSMBIO

6、SF000Information…HardwareProgramInterfaceroutineINTKeyboardMouseFloppyHardDisk,VGA…SMIAPMSpeedStepINT过程SoftwareHardwareSMI过程PowerManagementSxSupportS4=S5S3JudgeS3RestoreSomeDeviceEnvironmentSearchACPITableJudgetoOSroutineAddressSpaceConceptAddressSpacePCIISAMemorySp

7、ace（4GB）BIOSLocationBIOSAreaFFFFFFFF以2M的BIOS为例，其占用的内存范围为0FFFC0000H--0FFFFFFFFH00000000占用高端地址BIOSLocationF000SegmentE000Segment0000000000100000BIOS最高两个段的内容同时被映射到1M以下的高端地址。ShadowDRAM空间vsROM空间CHIPSET寻址控制程序运行速度A000:0hE000:0hF000:0hCGAVGAB000:0hC000:0hB800:0hAvailableVGA

8、BIOSC800:0hExpansionROMsD000:0hSystemBIOSSystemBIOSAvailableShadowAreaMemoryMapBelow1M00000-003FFIntVector00400-004FFBIOSDataAreaA0