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1、Literatureofthe20thCenturyTheNobelPrizeinLiteratureisawardedannuallythroughoutthecentury,thefirstlaureate(1901)beingSullyPrudhomme.AgathaChristieThebest-sellingworksofthe20thcenturyareestimatedtobeQuotationsfromChairmanMao(1966,900millioncopies),HarryPotterandthePhilosopher‘sStone(1997,120million
2、copies),AndThenThereWereNone(无人生还/孤岛奇案/十个印第安小孩)1939,115millioncopies)TheLordoftheRings(1954/55,100millioncopies)十个印地安小男孩,为了吃饭去奔走；噎死一个没法救,十个只剩九。九个印地安小男孩,深夜不寐真困乏；倒头一睡睡死啦,九个只剩八。八个印地安小男孩,德文城里去猎奇；丢下一个命归西,八个只剩七。七个印地安小男孩,伐树砍枝不顺手；斧劈两半一命休,七个只剩六。六个印地安小男孩,玩弄蜂房惹蜂怒；飞来一蜇命呜呼,六个只剩五。五个印地安小男孩,惹事生非打官司；官司缠身直到死,五个只剩四
3、。四个印地安小男孩,结伙出海遭大难；鱼吞一个血斑斑,四个只剩三。三个印地安小男孩,动物园里遭祸殃；狗熊突然从天降,三个只剩两。两个印地安小男孩,太阳底下长叹息；晒死烤死悲戚戚,两个只剩一。一个印地安小男孩,归去来兮只一人；悬梁自尽了此生,一个也不剩。Oneofthetwentiethcentury’sdefiningfeaturesis“ModernistExperiment”radicalartisticexperimentAmongtheleadingaestheticinnovatorsofthiserawerethecomposerIgorStravinsky斯特拉文斯基（俄国作
4、曲家）thecubistPabloPicasso,毕加索（西）thefuturistF.T.Marinetti,马里内蒂（意）RedStoneDancer,1913-14(bronze),Gaudier-Brzeska,Henri(1891-1915).Kettle'sYard,UniversityofCambridge,UK/ BridgemanArtLibraryElasticity,1916(oiloncanvas),Boccioni,Umberto(1882-1916).PinacotecadiBrera,Milan,Italy BridgemanArtLibrary.I.Mod
5、ernPeriodII.ModernismI.ModernPeriod1.NewTheoriesandModernism2.1920’s:thesecondAmericanLiteraryRenaissance1.NewTheoriesandModernism1)TheEffectoftheFirstWorldWar:ATurningPointintheAmericanLiterature2)NewTheoriesandIdeas3)Modernisma.SigmundFreudFreudmadethepracticeofthepsychoanalysiswhichemphasizest
6、heimportanceofunconsciousnessortheirrationalinthehumanpsyche.b.W.James&CarlJungWilliamJames’theoryof“streamofconsciousness”CarlJung’s“collectiveunconscious”and“archetypal(原型的)symbol”c.FrenchImpressionism&GermanExpressionismBothFrenchImpressionist(印象主义的)andGermanExpressionist(表现主义的)artistsavoidedt
7、herepresentationofexternalrealitydepictedthehumanrealityinarathersubjectivepointofview.ExpressionismTheScreambyEdvardMunchanotheravant-gardeartmovementpioneeredbyPabloPicasso(毕加索)&GeorgesBraque(勃拉克)revolutionizedEurope
