辨别that引导的从句类型.doc

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1、辨别that引导的从句类型怎样区分that引导的定语从句、同位语从句、主语从句和强调结构呢？可采用“成分法”“试加法”“试减法”“还原法”。现分述如下：（1）定语从句可用“成分法”即分析that引导的从句的句子成分，如果that在从句中充当主语或宾语，则此从句为定语从句。①Thematterthatyouwerearguingaboutlastnighthasbeensettled.你们昨天晚上讨论的那个问题已经解决了。②Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.飞机就是可以飞的机器。（2）同位语从句可用“试加法”，即在名词

2、和从句之间加系动词be，使该名词和从句构成一个新的句子。如果句子通顺、合乎逻辑，那么从句就是同位语从句。③Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.我们听说了我们队取胜的消息。④Thefactthathehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedeverybody.他什么也没有说，这使每个人都吃了一惊。根据“试加法”，句③可改写为：Thenewswasthatourteamhadwon.句④可改写为：Thefactwasthathehadnotsaidanything.改写后的句子③、④通顺，合乎逻辑，

3、故that引导的从句为同位语从句。（3）用it作形式主语的主语从句可用“还原法”，即把that引导的从句调到句首，去掉句首的it，再加句子剩余部分。如新句子意思不变，合乎逻辑，则该从句为主语从句，否则为其它从句。⑤It’sarulethathegetsupatsixo’clockeverymorning.他每天早上六点起床，这是一个规律。⑥It’sclearthathehasfinishedhishomework.很明显，他已经完成了作业。按“还原法”，句⑤可构成新的句子：Thathegetsupatsixo’clockeverymor

4、ningisarule.句⑥可构成新的句子：Thathehasfinishedhishomeworkisclear.句子⑤、⑥改写后意思通顺、合乎逻辑，故that从句为主语从句。（4）强调结构采用“试减法”，即把句子中的“Itbe…that…”这一框架去掉，如果句子剩余部分（可以做位置上的调整）意思通顺，合乎逻辑，则that是强调结构的标志。⑦Itwasfiveyearsagothathejoinedtheparty.他就是五年前参军的。⑧Itisyouthatarewrong.错的就是你。根据“试减法”句⑦可改成新句子：Hejoine

5、dthepartyfiveyearsago.句⑧改为：Youarewrong改写后的句子通顺，合乎逻辑，故句⑦、⑧为强调句型。Exercises:1．ThenewstoShanghaidelightedallofthem.A.theywouldgoB.whichtheywouldgoC.thattheywouldgoD.wouldgo2．Ihavereadallthebooksyougaveme.A.oneB.thatC.whatD.it3．isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternation

6、allanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It4．WasitduringtheSecondWorldWarhedied?A.ThatB.whileC.inwhichD.when5．IsitpossiblehemisunderstoodIsaid?A.that,thatB.what,whatC.what,thatD.that,what6．Thefacthasworriedmanyscientiststheearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.A.WhatB.whichC.t

7、hatD.though7．Itisobvioustothestudentstheyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.A.AsB.whichC.whetherD.that8．Itwaswithgreatcouragetheboytoldthetruthhehadstolenthemoney.A.which,thatB.when,whatC.as,thatD.that,that1．Thereisasayingwhichwherethereisawill,thereisaway.ABCD2．Myhomet

8、ownisnolongertheonewhatitusedtobe.ABCD3．Thefacthewasseriouslyillmadethemworried.ABCD4．It’swellknownwhic