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1、语法专项(九)特殊句(倒装句、省略句和强调)表1倒装句用法一览表Therestandsatempleonthetopofthemountain.Outrushedacatfromunderthattable.副词+谓语+主语以here,there,in,up,down,away等副词开头,谓语动词多为be,come,go等全部倒装(把全部谓语提到主语之前)典句例示倒装方法倒装条件类别全部倒装(把全部谓语提到主语之前以then,now,thus,such开头,谓语动词多为come,follow,begin,end,be,主语又
2、是名词时副词+谓语+主语Nowcomesyourturn.SuchwasAlbertEinstein,asimplebutgreatscientist.表地点的介词短语位于句首,且谓语动词为不及物动词介词短语+谓语+主语BetweenthetwowindowshangsalargemapofChinaAlongthedustyroadcameagroupoftourists.Outsidethedoctor’sclinicwere20patients.PresentatthemeetingwereexpertsfromEuro
3、pe.Gonearethedayswhenwewerepoor.HangingonthewallwasapaintingbyQiBaishi.介词短语形容词分词+be+主语表语置于句首,为了保持句子平衡,以示强调,或上下文衔接可倒装全部倒装(把全部谓语提到主语之前OnlythendidIknowtheimportanceoflearning.Onlyinthiswaycanwesolvetheproblem.Onlyafterhefinishedtheworkdidheleave.only所修饰的词、短语或从句位于句首作状
4、语时部分倒装(助动词,系动词be,情态动词提到主语前)Only+副词介词短语状语从句+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语+谓语其他部分部分倒装(助动词,系动词be,情态动词提到主语前)含有否定意义的副词或词组(never,seldom,little,hardly,bynomeans,notuntil)位于句首时否定副词或词组+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语+谓语其他部分NeverbeforehaveIseenamoremovingfilm.Notuntilthendidherealizehisownfault.hardly...wh
5、en,nosooner...than,notonly...but(also)等引导两个分句时,前一个分句用部分倒装,后一个分句不变Hardly/Nosooner/Noonly+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语+谓语其他部分+when/than/butalso+分句Hardly/Nosoonerhadhearrivedwhen/thanshestartedcomplaining.Notonlywasthecoatsoft,butitwasalsowarm.部分倒装(助动词,系动词be,情态动词提到主语前)so...that中的so.
6、..位于句首时So+形容词/副词+系动词/助动词/情态动态+主语+谓语其他部分+that从句SosmallwasthemarketthatIcouldhardlyseeit.SoclearlydoeshespeakEnglishthathecanalwaysmakehimselfunderstood.部分倒装(助动词,系动词be,情态动词提到主语前)so/neither/nor置于句首,意为“也”或“也不”,表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或事物时so/neither/nor+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语……Theylove
7、havinglotsoffriends,sodothosewithdisabilities.Lilycan’tride,neither/norcanLucy.HadIattendedthemeeting,IwouldhavemetJim.Had/Were/Should+主语+谓语其他部分+主句当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had,were或should等时,如将if省略,则要将had,were或should等移到主语之前Manashewas,hebehavedlikeawoman.Failthoughhedid,hewouldn
8、evergiveup.状语表语动词+though/as+主谓结构though/as引导让步状语从句时,意为“尽管”,通常把句中状语、表语或动词提前;若表语是名词,其前不用冠词部分倒装(助动词,系动词be,情态动词提到主语前)特别提醒there,he