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时间:2020-03-25
《曼昆经济学原理课件第一章(英文).ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、ALecturePresentationinPowerPointtoAccompanyPrinciplesofEconomicsSecondEditionbyN.GregoryMankiwPreparedbyMarkP.Karscig,DepartmentofEconomics&Finance,CentralMissouriStateUniversity.TenPrinciplesofEconomicsChapter1Copyright©2001byHarcourt,Inc.Allrightsreserved. Requestsforpermissiontomakecopieso
2、fanypartoftheworkshouldbemailedto:PermissionsDepartment,HarcourtCollegePublishers,6277SeaHarborDrive,Orlando,Florida32887-6777.Economy......ThewordeconomycomesfromaGreekwordfor“onewhomanagesahousehold.”Ahouseholdandaneconomyfacemanydecisions:Whowillwork?Whatgoodsandhowmanyofthemshouldbeproduce
3、d?Whatresourcesshouldbeusedinproduction?Atwhatpriceshouldthegoodsbesold?SocietyandScarceResources:Themanagementofsociety’sresourcesisimportantbecauseresourcesarescarce.Scarcity......meansthatsocietyhaslimitedresourcesandthereforecannotproduceallthegoodsandservicespeoplewishtohave.EconomicsEconomi
4、csisthestudyofhowsocietymanagesitsscarceresources.Economistsstudy...Howpeoplemakedecisions.Howpeopleinteractwitheachother.Theforcesandtrendsthataffecttheeconomyasawhole.TenPrinciplesofEconomics1.Peoplefacetradeoffs.2.Thecostofsomethingiswhatyougiveuptogetit.3.Rationalpeoplethinkatthemargin.4.Peop
5、lerespondtoincentives.HowPeopleMakeDecisionsTenPrinciplesofEconomics5.Tradecanmakeeveryonebetteroff.6.Marketsareusuallyagoodwaytoorganizeeconomicactivity.7.Governmentscansometimesimproveeconomicoutcomes.HowPeopleInteractTenPrinciplesofEconomics8.Thestandardoflivingdependsonacountry’sproduction.9.
6、Pricesrisewhenthegovernmentprintstoomuchmoney.10.Societyfacesashort-runtradeoffbetweeninflationandunemployment.HowtheEconomyasaWholeWorks1.Peoplefacetradeoffs.“Thereisnosuchthingasafreelunch!”1.Peoplefacetradeoffs.Togetonething,weusuallyhavetogiveupanotherthing.Gunsv.butterFoodv.clothingLeisureti
7、mev.workEfficiencyv.equityMakingdecisionsrequirestradingoffonegoalagainstanother.1.Peoplefacetradeoffs.Efficiencymeanssocietygetsthemostthatitcanfromitsscarceresources.Equitymeansthebenefitsofthoseresourcesaredistribu
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