英语句子成分划分主语练习题.doc

《英语句子成分划分主语练习题.doc》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。

1、英语句子成分（一）句子主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：划出主语并说出什么词充当的主语weoftenspeakenglishinclass.one-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.smokingdoesharmtothehea

2、lth.therichshouldhelpthepoor.itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.whenwearegoingtohaveanenglishtesthasnotbeendecided.（三）谓语：动词做谓语,谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2、复合谓语：（1）如：youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.h

3、ehascaughtabadcold.（2）由系动词加表语构成。如：wearestudents.例如：划出表语并说出有什么词充当ourteacherofenglishisanamerican.isityours?theweatherhasturnedcold.thespeechisexciting.threetimessevenistwentyone?hisjobistoteachenglish.hishobbyisplayingfootball.themachinemustbeoutoforder.t

4、imeisup.theclassisover.thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.（五）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如：theywenttoseeanexhibitionyesterday.theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.hepretendednottoseeme.ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.ithink（that）heisfitforhisoff

5、ice.宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：lendmeyourdictionary,please.2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如：theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.（六）宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。例如：hisfathernamedhimdongming.theypa

6、intedtheirboatwhite.letthefreshairin.youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.wesawherenteringtheroom.wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.（七）定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下等成分表示：名词，形容词，代词，分词，动名词，不定式短语，介词短语等1例如：找出定语并看由何种

7、成分充当：guilinisabeautifulcity.chinaisadevelopingcountry;americaisadevelopedcountry.therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.hisrapidprogressinenglishmadeussurprised.ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.heis

8、readinganarticleabouthowtolearnenglish.（八）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下形式表示：lighttravelsmostquickly.（副词及副词性词组）hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.（介词短语）heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.（