跨文化交际案例 用文化维度分析.ppt

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1、Unit4LanguageandCultureLanguage-and-culture2TheSapir-WhorfHypothesis4Introduction31GrammaticalPointsinReadingIandII3335UnderstandingHumanLanguageIntroduction:whatwearegoingtolearn?UnderstandthestructureofhumanlanguageUnderstandthecharacteristicsoflanguageBeabletodistinguishthevariationsof

2、humanlanguageUnderstandtherelationshipbetweenlanguageandcultureUnderstandhowthetwoarerelatedTheStructureofHumanLanguageLinguisticsisthescientificstudyofhumanlanguage,itgenerallyexamineshowhumanbeingsuselanguageassymbolsinthecommunicationprocess.Linguisticsiscomprisedoffiveareasofstudy:mor

3、phology,phonology,syntax,semantics,andpragmatics.Amongthefivecomponents,semanticsandpragmaticshavespecialimportanceforinterculturalcommunication.Phonology:Phonologyisthestudyofthesoundsofhumanlanguageandtheirpatterns.Twobranches:phoneticsandphonology.Phoneticsdealswithhowtopronounceaword,

4、phonologydealswithwhythewordshouldbepronouncedinthewaywepronounceit.Syntax:syntaxisthestudyofthestructureofsentencesandphrases.Morphology:Morphologyisthestudyofwordsandwordbuilding.Pragmatics:pragmaticsisthestudyoftheeffectoflanguageonhumanbehavior.TheStructureofHumanLanguageSemantics:sem

5、anticsisthestudyofmeaningandreferenceinhumanlanguage.Inhumanlanguagesystems,awordmayhaveseveralmeanings,andmanywordshavethesamemeaning.Inhumanlanguage,twotypesofmeaninghavebeenidentified:linguisticmeaningandthespeaker’smeaning.LMisthedictionarymeaning,theliteralmeaningoftheexpressionwitho

6、utanyreferencetothefeelingofthespeaker.SMdependsontheintentionofthespeaker.CharacteristicsofLanguageHumanlanguagehasfourcharacteristics:symbolic,rule-governed,subjective,dynamic.Rule-governedEverystructurallevelofhumanlanguageisregulatedbyitsowngrammaticalrulesandprinciples.SubjectiveMean

7、ingsofthelanguageresideinpeople,notinwords.Themeaningsofalanguagearedependentonculturalexperience,notonwordsthemselves.DynamicNolanguageisfixedorunvarying.Tosurvive,alllanguagesmustundergochanges.Changeinalanguageisbasedontheconceptoftime.SymbolicLanguagestandsifpla