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1、高考英语阅读词汇新要求及应对策略2014-05-13高考直通车近年来高考英语阅读理解试题屮出现了大量生词,这些生词不再像以前高考那样加注汉语意思,而是要求考生结合语境进行合理猜测,或要求考生利川应有的知识面解题。具体地讲高考英语阅读题对考生词汇的掌握提出了六大新要求。笔者现结合2005年高考英语阅读理解题,就如何应对这六大新要求谈谈n己的看法,供同学们复习时参考。(下面所有例题祁保留原题号以便大家更详细地对照阅读)一、要求考生具有利用语境推断生词含义的能力例1:(2005,北京)应对技巧一:“定义解释+语境”法Theanimalsarekepttogetherinsmallspa
2、ces,withnoprivacyandlittleopportunityformentalandphysicalexercise.Thisresultsinunusualandseif~destruetivobchaviorcailedzoochosis.Aworldwidestudyofzoosfoundthatzoochosisiscommonamonganimalskeptinsmal1spacesorcages65.Inthestateofzoochosis,animals•A.remainincagesBbehavestrangelyC.attackotheranim
3、alsD・enjoymovingaround【解析】:ThisresuItsinunusualandself-clestructivebehaviorcalledzoochosis前面unusualandself-destructivebehaviora不正常和自残的特征”就是对zoochosis的解释。故答案为B。定义解释形式多样,有定语从句、同位语从句、并列句等,或由is,or,thatis(tosay),inotherwords,becalled等词汇或破折号来表示岀。应对技巧二:“同位关系+语境”法例2:(2005,辽宁)However,homebuildersuseth
4、efactthatheatrises.Thisnatura1lawcanbeusedinbuildinghousesintheseareas.58.Theunderlinedwords"naturallaw”inthethirdparagraphrefertothefactthatA・heatraisesthetemperatureinthehousesB.heatgoesintheupwarddirectionC.heatgoesupiftemperatureisraisedD.heatincreasesthetemperatureofrocks【解析】:答案Bo这里Thisn
5、aturallaw就是指的是thefactthatheatrises,他们是同位关系,说的一个意思。再如:例3:(2005,重庆)Ttistruethatli^hthouseswerebuiltinout-of-the-wayplaces.Butonpledsantsunnysummerday,thisveryisolationhasanaturalbeautythatmanypeoplewilllovetoexperience.68.Theunderlinedphrase"out-of-the-way"inParagraph4meansA・far-awayB.dangerous
6、C・ancientD・secret【解析】:由第二句中的关键词thisisolation“孤立,偏僻之处”可确定out-of-the-way是同位关系。最佳答案是A。应对技巧三:“并列关系+语境”法例4:(2005,江苏)WilliamShakespearesaid,"Thewebofourlifeisofamingledyarn(纱线),goodand订1・74.Theunderlinedword"mingled"inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans.A.simpleB.mixedC.sadD.happy【解析】:答案是B。莎士比亚说,“我们生
7、活Z网是由善良和邪恶编织成的。goodand订1好与坏,善良和邪恶,与mingledZ间是并列的关系。mingled在这里意为“混合的”。应对技巧四:“对比关系+语境”法例5:(广东)Beingconsideredaleaderinoursocietyisindeedofhighpraise.Leadershipmeanspower,commandsrespectand,mostimport"nt,encouragesachievement.UnlikevitaminC,lead