英语国家概况(澳大利亚).ppt

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1、Chapter16AustraliaGeography&HistoryGeographyLocationandSizeGeographicRegionsClimateMajorCitiesLocation&SizeSize—Withatotalareaof7.7millionsquarekilometers,Australiaisthesixthlargestcountryintheworld,afterRussia,Canada,China,theU.S.andBrazilLocation—AustralialiesintheSouthernHemisphere,between

2、theIndianOceanandthePacificOcean.ThecountryissurroundedbyseaonallsidesGeographicRegionWesternPlateautheEasternHighlandsCentral-EasternLoelandsMountKosciuszko(科修斯科山)SouthwestinCanberraofnewsouthwalesThehighestpointinAustraliaandOceania2228metersabovesealevelPolandexplorerschmitz,laikayfoundthe

3、mountainin1839,andthepolishheronamedafter(1746-1817).Murray-DarlingBasin(墨累达令流域)3370kilometerslong,watershedcoversone7ofthelandareaofAustralia,isAustralia'smostimportantagriculturalarea.Thenameofthisriverbasinisfromthebasin'stwomajorrivers,theMurrayanddarlingrivers.LakeEyre(艾尔湖)Thelowestpoin

4、tinthecountrySome12metersbelowsealevelClimate1、SouthernHemisphereJanuaryandFebruaryarethehottestsummermonthsJuneandJulyarethecoldestwintermonths2、Varygreatlyfromregiontoregiontropicalarea—hotallyearwithoutwintertemperateregionsofthesouth:enjoyamoderateclimate,withhotsummersandmildwintersTheco

5、ldestareasarethehighlandsandplateausofTasmaniaandthesoutheasternportionofthemainland.Climate3、Australiaiswidelyknownas"theDryContinent"duetoitslowrainfall.ThearidityofAustraliastemsfromitsproximitytotheequator.4、ThehotanddryconditionsofAustraliabringaboutrecurringdroughtsacrossthecountry.The1

6、895to1903droughtisconsideredAustrali'sworstdraughtintermsofseverityandscale.Canberra:BetweenSydneyandMelbourn.ThenameCanberraoriginallymeansmeetingplaceintheAboriginallanguageSydney:thecapitalcityofNewSouthWales;Australia'slargestandoldstcity.Melbourne:thecapitalcityofVictoria;Australia'sseco

7、ndlargestcityBrisbane:thecapitalofQueenland;Australia'sthirdlargestcityMajorCitiesHistoryEarlyHistoryDiscoveryandExplorationEuropeanSettlementColonizationTheRoadTowardFederationAustraliainthe20thCenturyEarlyHistory1.TheAborigineswerethefirsti