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时间:2020-03-21
《作业要求请各位同学在下面的两个话题中任选一个来翻译,.doc》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、作业要求:请各位同学在下面的两个话题中任选一个来翻译,个别陌生词汇在文后有提示。上交时间为:2011年10月24日注意:切勿抄袭!凡存在抄袭的,一律按0分处理。STORAGEHARDWAREStoragehardwareprovidespermanentstorageofinformationandprogramsforretrievalbythecomputer.Thetwomaintypesofstoragedevicesarediskdrivesandmemory.Thereareseveraltypesofdiskdrives:hard,floppy,magneto-op
2、tical,andcompact.Harddiskdrivesstoreinformationinmagneticparticlesembeddedinadisk.Usuallyapermanentpartofthecomputer,harddiskdrivescanstorelargeamountsofinformationandretrievethatinformationveryquickly.Floppydiskdrivesalsostoreinformationinmagneticparticlesembeddedinremovabledisksthatmaybeflo
3、ppyorrigid.Floppydisksstorelessinformationthanaharddiskdriveandretrievetheinformationatamuchslowerrate.Magneto-opticaldisc1drivesstoreinformationonremovablediscsthataresensitivetobothlaserlightandmagneticfields.Theycantypicallystoreasmuchinformationasharddisksbuthaveslightlyslowerretrievalspe
4、eds.Compactdiscdrives(CD-ROM)storeinformationonpitsburnedintothesurfaceofadiscofreflectivematerial.TheinformationstoredonCD-ROMscannotbeerasedoroverwrittenwithnewinformation.Theycanstoreaboutasmuchinformationasaharddrivebuthaveaslowerrateofinformationretrieval.Memoryreferstothecomputerchipsth
5、atstoreinformationforquickretrievalbytheCPU.Randomaccessmemory(RAM)isusedtostoretheinformationandinstructionsthatoperatethecomputer’sprograms.Typically,programsaretransferredfromstorageonadiskdrivetoRAM.RAMisalsoknownasvolatilememorybecausetheinformationwithinthecomputerchipsislostwhenpowerto
6、thecomputeristurnedoff.Read-onlymemory(ROM)containscriticalinformationandsoftwarethatmustbepermanentlyavailableforcomputeroperation,suchastheoperatingsystemthatdirectsthecomputer’sactionsfromstartuptoshutdown.ROMiscallednonvolatilememorybecausethememorychipsdonotlosetheirinformationwhenpowert
7、othecomputeristurnedoff.Somedevicesservemorethanonepurpose.Forexample,floppydisksmayalsobeusedasinputdevicesiftheycontaininformationtobeusedandprocessedbythecomputeruser.Inaddition,theycanbeusedasoutputdevicesiftheuserwantstostoretheresultsof
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