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1、初三英语语法之被动语态学习小结 英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。初中阶段的被动语态有五种时态,我们可以从以下方面进行小结:一、被动语态的时态及结构(以动词do为例)结构:主语+be+过去分词时态:1.一般现在时:am(is,are)done.2.带情态动词的被动语态:must(can,may,should,need,would)bedone3.一般过去时:was(were)done*4.一般将来时:will(shall)bedone*5.现在进行时:am(is,are)beingdone6.现在完成时:have(has)beendone二、
2、从初中阶段所学五种基本句型谈变被动语态时应注意的问题。1.主语+连系动词+表语(S+V+P)此结构不可用被动语态。(正)Theflowerssmellsweet.(误)Theflowersaresmeltsweet.2.主语+不及物动词(S+V)此结构不可变被动语态。(正)Anaccidenthappenedlastnight.(误)Anaccidentwashappenedlastnight.3.主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O)(1)将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语ChildrenoftensingthissongThissongisoften
3、sungbychildren.(2)将含有介词或副词的动词短语变为被动结构时,不可将介词或副词去掉。Weshouldlistentotheteacherscarefully.Theteachersshouldbelistenedtocarefully.4.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO)(1).将表人的间接宾语变为主语,直接宾语不变。Heshowedusapicture.Wewereshownapicture.(2).将指物的直接宾语变为主语,要在间接宾语前加介词to或for.常用加to的动词give,show,pass,re
4、ad等常用加for的动词buy,get,make,sing,draw等Apicturewasshowntous.Adictionarywasboughtformebymyparents.5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C)如动词为make,see,hear,watch等,后接宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时,变被动语态时要加上“to”。Isawhimfalloffthetree.Hewasseentofalloffthetree.6."be+过去分词"并非都是被动语态,系动词be,feel,seem,look,等词后面的过去分词已转
5、化为形容词,作表语用,表示某种状态。I'minterestedinmathematics.我对数学感兴趣。*7.某些动词用主动语态来表示被动含义。Thewoman'sclothessellwell.女装卖的快。Thisbooksellsbest.这本书很畅销. 被动语态专项练习1一、选择题()1._____anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyear?A.Is;builtB.Was;bulitC.Does;buildD.Did;build()2.Anaccident____onthisroadlastweek.A.hasb
6、eenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened()3.Cotton____inthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow()4.Sofar,themoon____bymanalready.A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited()5.AtalkonChinesehistory_____inthschoolhallnextweek.A.isgivenB.hasbeengiven
7、C.willbegivenD.gives()6.Howmanytrees____thisyear?A.areplantedB.willplantC.havebeenplantedD.planted()7.Alotofthings____bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone()8.Neitherofthem______inChina.A.ismadeB.aremadeC.weremadeD.made()9.Look!Anicepi
8、cture____forourteacher.A.isdrawingB.isbeingdrawnC.hasb