篇章阅读专题20题.doc

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1、1.（12真题）LeadingscientistsaroundtheworldaremeetinginBritaintoconsideraproposalthatcouldeventuallyseeGreenwichMeanTimebecomeafootnoteinhistory.Formorethan120yeasGMThasbeentheinternationalstandardfortimekeeping,butitisnowunderthreatfromanewdefinitionoftimeitselfbasednotontherotationoftheEarth,butonat

2、omicclocks.GMTisbasedonthepassageoftheSunoverthezeromeridianline(子午线)attheGreenwichObservatoryinsoutheastLondon,andbecametheworldstandardfortimeataconferenceinWashingtonin1884,FrancehadpromotedParisMeanTimeatthesameconference.In1972itwasreplacedinnamebyUniversalCoordinatedTime(UTC)butthatessential

3、lyremainedthesameasGMT,UTCisbasedonabout400atomicclocksatlaboratoriesaroundtheworldbutthencorrectedwith“leapseconds”(闰秒)toadjustitselfinlinewiththeEarth’srotationalspeed,whichfluctuates.ButthetinydifferencebetweenEarthspeedandatomicspeedhavebecomeaproblemforCPS,theglobalpositioningsystemsandmobile

4、phonenetworksonwhichthemodernwouldrelies.ThemeetinginLondonarelookingatthepossibleeffectsofabandoningtheleapsecondsandmovingfullytoatomictime.ThatwouldseeatomictomeslowlymoveapartfromGMT,byaboutoneminuteevery60to90years,orbyanhourevery600years,andtherewouldneedtobe.“leapminutes”acoupleoftimesacent

5、urytobringthetwoinline.BritishscienceministerDavidwillettshasopposedtheplanbysaying:“Weshouldsticktorealtimeasexperiencedbyhumans.WithoutleapsecondswewilllosecontactwiththerealityofEarth’srotation.Eventuallyourmidnightwouldhappenatnoon.”InJanuary,theInternationalTelecommunicationUnionwillmeetinGen

6、evatovoteonwhethertoadoptthenewmeasure,despiteprotestsfromBritain.56.Leadingscientistsareconsideringreplacing.57.WhatwillbevotedonatGenevameetinginJanuary?58.Whatisnewmeasureoftimekeepingbasedon?59.Leapminutescanbeusedto.60.HowdidBritainreacttotheproposal?56-60答案56.GMTwithatomictime解析：butitisnowun

7、derthreatfromanewdefinitionoftimeitselfbasednotontherotationoftheEarth,butonatomicclocks，由此句可得到答案57.Whethertoadoptthenewmeasure.解析：InJanuary,theInternationalTelecommunicationUnionwillmeetinGenevatovoteonwhetherto