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1、直接引语和间接引语导学案Learningaims:1.掌握直接引语和间接引语的结构和功用。2.能够熟练进行直接引语和间接引语的转换。一、直接引语和间接引语的概念:1.直接引语:_________引述别人的原话。直接引语必须放在引号内。2.间接引语:用自己的话_______别人的话。间接引语不用引号。二、直接引语和间接引语的转换:1.直接引语是陈述句,变成间接引语时,要变成that引导的宾语从句。例如:Theteachersaid,“Iamveryhappytohearthenews.”Theteachersaid_____________________ver
2、yhappytohearthenews.2.直接引语是一般疑问句,变成间接引语时,要变成if或whether引导的宾语从句。例如:Heasked,“Areyousureyourmotherwillcome?”Heasked____________________sure_______mother______come.3.直接引语是特殊疑问句,变成间接引语时,要变成由相应的疑问词引导的宾语从句。例如:Jennyaskedme,“WhereisMaryfrom?”→Jennyaskedme______________from。4.直接引语是祈使句,变成间接引语时,
3、祈使句变成动词不定式结构,作动ask,tell,order,beg,advise等的宾语补足语。即:asksbtodosth注意:表示命令时常用:tell,order表示请求时常用:ask,beg例如:Hesaid,“Don'tdothatagain.”→He___________________dothatagain.三.直接引语变间接引语的五点变化:1.人称的变化:请记住口诀:一主,二宾,三旧(不更新)。例如:Tomsaidtome,“Mybrotherisusingyourpentodohishomework.”Tomsaidtomethat____br
4、otherwasusing_____pentodo______homework.2.时态的变化:若主句为过去时态,通常要将直接引语原来的时态向过去推一个。直接引语间接引语直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时过去完成时过去完成时注:①若直接引语为客观真理,自然现象,格言或谚语,则变为间接引语时时态不变。例如:Theteachersaid,“Theearthturnsaroundthesun.”→Theteachersaidthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.②
5、有时直接引语有特定的过去时间状语,变为间接引语时时态可不变。例如:Hesaid,“Mysonwasbornin1995.”→Hesaidthathissonwasbornin1995.3.指示代词,时间状语,地点状语,动词的变化:项目直接引语间接引语项目直接引语间接引语指示代词this/thesethat/those时间状语yesterdaythedaybefore地点状语heretherelastweektheweekbefore动词变化musthadtoafewdaysagoafewdaysbeforecomegothedaybeforeyesterday
6、twodaysbeforebringtakethisweek(year,month)thatweek(year,month)时间状语nowthentomorrowthenextdaytodaythatdaynextyearthenextyear注意:以上变化有时应视具体情况而定:1)若在当时转述,now不必改为then。2)若在当天转述,today,yesterday,tomorrow不必改为thatday,thedaybefore,thenextday。3)若在当周转述,thisweek,lastweek不必改为thatweek,thelastweek。4)
7、若在当年转述,thisyear,lastyear不必改为thatyear,thelastyear等。5)若在当地转述,则here也可不改为there。6)若地点和场所未发生改变,come和bring等也可不变。【直接引语和间接引语练案】一、把下列句子中的直接引语改为间接引语。1.“Willyougototheconcertwithmethisevening?”Maryaskedme.2.“Whatdidyoudohereyesterday?”theoldmanaskedmybrother.3.“Lighttravelsfasterthansound,”thep
8、hysicsteachersaidto