高中动名词 的用法1.ppt

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1、动名词English1构成2功能3时态4语态5复合结构6名词化动名词一、动名词及动名词短语的构成1.构成方式：语态时态主动被动一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone2.否定式：not+动名词(doing)的各种形式3.动名词的复合结构：动名词前可以有自己的逻辑主语，作为该　动词所表示的的发出者。如：theircoming,my(me)makingasuggestion,hisdaughter’sstayinguplatewindowbeingopen二、动名词的句法功能（一）动名词作主语（二）动名词作宾语

2、（三）动名词作表语（四）动名词作定语（一）动名词作主语动名词作主语多表示抽象的、一般性的动作。Swimminghasitsadvantage.Talkingmendsnoholes.空谈无济于事。Learningwithoutpracticeisnogood.Thereisnottellingwhatwillhappen.无法预料会发生什么事。1.名词作主语，有时句中使用形式主语it而将真正主语（动名词）放到句尾。常用的结构有：Itis+n.+doing.Itis+adj.+doingThereis(was)nodoing(=Itispossibleto

3、do…).Itisnousewritingtohim;heneveranswersletters.Itisgoodplayingchessaftersupper.Thereisnoholdingbackthewheelofhistory.注意适用于以上结构的名词（短语）有：nouse,nogood,fun,awaste(oftime),agreatpleasure,等形容词有：useless,nice,good,interesting,worthwhile,foolish,dangerous等。如：Itisnogoodlearningwithoutpra

4、ctice.Itisawasteoftime(worthwhile)discussingsuchmatters.1.-WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset？-___hernewbicycle.A.AsshelostB．LostC．LosingD．tolose（二）动名词作宾语动名词（短语）作宾语包括作谓语动词的宾语和作介词的宾语两个概念。作介词的宾语。sheleftwithoutsayinggoodbyetous.Heinsistedonwatchingthefootballgame.Theysucceededinge

5、ttingoverallthedifficulties.Theyallobjectedtoputtingthemeetingoff.注意在一些动名词（短语）作介词in的宾语的结构中，介词in可以省略。这些结构有：1.difficultytroubleS+have+problem+(in)doing….agood/hardtimefun2.Thereisnopoint(in)doingsth..3.bebusyS+lose…time+(in)doing….waste…time4.S+spendtime/money(in)doingsth..2.与动词不定式

6、相似，动名词作宾语也是由一些及物动词专门要求的。常要求作宾语的动词有：admit承认，anticipate预料，appreciate感谢，avoid，can’thelp禁不住，consider思考，delay耽搁，deny否认，dislike，dread惧怕，enjoy,escape,excuse,fancy想象，finish,forbid禁止,forgive,imagine,pardon,permit,postpone延迟,practice,prevent预防,propose提议，recollect回忆，resent怨恨，resist,risk冒险,s

7、ave,suggest建议，understand等。注意在带有宾补的结构中，往往用it作形式宾语而将真正宾语（动名词）放在句尾。Iconsideritawasteoftimearguingaboutit.Wefoundituselessdiscussingitagain.Idon’tthinkitworthwhiledoingitrightnow.thinkconsideruselessS+find+nouse+doingfeellikenogoodetc.2.Ourmonitorsuggested_____adiscussionofthissubjec

8、t.A．tohaveB．shouldhaveC．haveD．having3.