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1、Keywords:Steady-statesimulation、Semi-empiricalmodel、Domesticrefrigerators、Experimentalvalidation1.IntroductionAhouseholdrefrigeratoriscomposedofathermallyinsulatedcabinetandavapor-compressionrefrigerationloopasshowninFig.1.Theserefrigerationsystems,onthewhole,consumealar

2、geamountofenergysincehundredsofmillionsarecurrentlyinuse,anddozensofmillionsarecomingontothemarketeveryyear.Anunderstandingoftheoperationalcharacteristicsofarefrigerationsystemisvitalforanyenergyoptimizationstudy,notonlytopredictitsperformance,butalsotoaidthedecisionmaki

3、ngduringthedesignprocess.-21-Therefrigeratorperformanceisusuallyassessedbyoneofthefollowingapproaches:(i)simplifiedcalculationsbasedoncomponentcharacteristics;(ii)componentanalyzesthroughcommercialCFDpackages;and(iii)standardizedexperiments.Althoughthefirsttwotechniquesp

4、layimportantrolesincomponentdesign,theydonotprovideenoughinformationoncomponentmatchingandsystembehavior,whichisonlyobtainedbytestingtherefrigeratorinacontrolledenvironmentchamber.Thesetests,however,aretimeconsumingandexpensive.Afasterandlesscostlyalternativeistheuseofco

5、mputermodelstosimulatethethermal-andfluid-dynamicbehaviorofrefrigerationsystems.Manymathematicalmodelshavebeenproposedinthepastforrefrigeratormodeling.Inoneoftheearlieststudies,DavisandScott[1]developedamathematicalmodeltopredictthesteady-statecomponentbehavioroverarange

6、ofoperatingconditions,consistingofindividualcomponentsub-modelsthatcombinedfirst-principleswithanumberofempiricalparametersobtainedfromtheliterature.Simplisticmodelswereusedforheatexchangersastheevaporatingandcondensingpressureswereassumedtobeknown.Thecompressormodel,ont

7、heotherhand,consideredthein-cylindercompressionandthepressuredropsinthesuctionanddischargevalves.Nomodelhasbeenprovidedfortheexpansiondevice.Afewyearslater,theUnitedStatesDepartmentofEnergy(USDOE)sponsoredthedevelopmentofasteady-statesimulationmodelforhouseholdrefrigerat

8、ors,whichwasintendedtobeadoptedasareferencetoestablishtheenergytargetsforAmericanhouseholdmanufacturers