国际贸易英文重点名词解释整理.doc

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1、（1）Immiserizinggrowth:thesituationwhereanation’stermsoftradedeterioratesomuchasaresultofgrowththatthenationisworseoffaftergrowththanbefore,evenifgrowthwithouttradetendstoimprovethenation’swelfare.（2）H-Otheory：thetheorythatpostulatesthat(a)anationexportscommoditie

2、sintensiveinitsrelativelyabundantandcheapfactorand(b)internationaltradebringsaboutequalizationinreturnstohomogeneousfactorsacrosscountries.（3）Factor-priceequalizationtheorem:thepartoftheH-Otheorythatpredicts,underhighlyrestrictiveassumptions,thatinternationaltrad

3、ewillbringaboutequalizationinrelativeandabsolutereturnstohomogeneousfactorsacrossnations.（4）Stolper-Samuelsontheorem:itpostulatesthatfreeinternationaltradereducestherealincomeofthenation’srelativelyscarcefactorandincreasestherealincomeofthenation’srelativelyabund

4、antfactor.（5）Specific-factorsmodel:themodeltoanalyzetheeffectofachangeincommoditypriceonthereturnsoffactorsinanationwhenatleastonefactorisnotmobilebetweenindustries.（6）Leontiefparadox:theempiricalfindingthatU.S.ImportsubstitutesweremoreKintensivethanU.S.Exports.t

5、hisiscontrarytotheH-Otrademodel,whichpredictsthat,asthemostK-abundantnation,theUnitedStatesshouldimportL-intensiveproductsandexportK-intensiveproducts.（7）Differentiatedproducts:thesomewhatdifferentproducts(suchasautomobiles)producedbydifferentmanufacturersinthesa

6、meindustryorgeneralproductgroup.（8）Intra-industrytrade:internationaltradeinthedifferentiatedproductsofthesameindustryorbroadproductgroup.（9）Productcyclemodel:thehypothesis,advancedbyVernon,thatnewproductsintroducedbyindustrialnationsandproducedwithskilledlaboreve

7、ntuallybecomestandardizedandcanbeproducedinothernationswithlessskilledlabor.(13)optimumtariff:thetariffthatmaximizesthenetbenefitresultingfromimprovementinthenation’stermsoftradeagainstthenegativeeffectresultingfromreductioninthevolumeoftrade.(14)Termsoftradeeffe

8、ctofatariff:thereductioninthepriceoftheimportcommoditythatresultswhenalargenationimposesanimporttariff.(15)Nominaltariff:Atariffcalculatedonthepriceofafinalcom