【管理类】组织行为学(5).ppt

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1、Class7.FoundationofGroupBehavior§7.1Defining&Classifying2ormoreindividuals,interacting&interdependent,,whohavecometogethertoachieveparticularobjectives.1.FormalGroupAdesignatedworkgroupdefinedbytheorganization’sstructureCommandgroup--Amanager&hisorherimmediatesubor

2、dinatesTaskgroup--ThoseworkingtogethertocompleteajobtaskWhydopeoplejoingroup?----Security,Status,Self-esteem,Affiliation,Power,GoalAchievement2.InformalGroupAgroupthatisneitherformallystructurednororganizationallydetermined;appearsinresponsetotheneedforsocialcontra

3、ctInterestgroup--ThoseworkingtogethertoattainaspecificobjectivewithwhicheachisconcernedFriendshipgroup--ThosebroughttogetherbecausetheyshareoneormorecommoncharacteristicClass7.FoundationofGroupBehavior§7.2StagesofGroupdevelopment1.The5-StageModelFromthemid-1960sFor

4、ming--characterizedbymuchuncertaintyStorming--intragroupconflictNorming--closerelationship&cohesivenessPerforming--WhenthegroupisfullyfunctionalAdjourning--fortemporarygroups,characterizedbyconcernwithwrappingupactivitiesratherthantaskperformanceCriticism:donotproc

5、eedsclearly,simultaneous,regress;ignoresorganizationalsetting2.ThePunctuated-EqulibriumMStudiesofmorethanadozen,groupdon’tdevelopinauniversalsequenceThetimingofwhengroupsform&changethewaytheyworkishighlyconsistent(1)The1stmeetingsetsthedirection;(2)the1stphaseofgro

6、upactivityisoneofinertia;(3)atransitiontakesplaceattheendofthe1stphasewhenthegrouphasuseduphalfit’sallottedtime;(4)thetransitioninitiatesmajorchanges;(5)a2ndphaseofinertiafollowsthetransition;(6)thegroup’slastmeetingischaracterizedbymarkedlyacceleratedactivityClass

7、7.FoundationofGroupBehavior§7.3SociometryAnanalyticaltechniqueforgroupinteraction----findoutwhopeoplelikeordislike&whomtheywouldornottoworkwithSociogram--Adiagramthatgraphicallymapsthepreferredsocialinteractionsobtainedfrominterviewsorquestionnaires.KeytermsSocialn

8、etworks--specificsetoflinkagesamongadefinedsetofindividuals.cluster--groupexistingPrescribedcluster--formalgroupsEmergentclusters--informal,unoff